The Administration of Guemez--Introduction of Reforms--Sanitation--Economic and Fiscal Reforms--Monopolies in Trade--Further Fortifications--Controversies Over the Slave Trade--Disputes with Great Britain--Declaration of War--Conflicts in Florida--Two British Expeditions--Admiral Vernon in the West Indies--Attack upon Santiago--The War in Florida--Governorship of Cagigal--Peace of Aix-la-Chapelle--Accession of Charles III--British Plans for the Conquest of Spanish America--Some Interesting Literature. CHAPTER III 41 Some European Alliances--A Period of Peace for Spain--Reasons for the British Attacks upon Cuba--The Family Pact Between France and Spain--Spain's Break with Great Britain--Declaration of War by George III--Havana Chosen as the Point of Attack--The Albemarle-Pococke Expedition--Preparations at Martinique--The Advance upon Havana. CHAPTER IV 53 First Appearance of Yellow Fever in Cuba--Preparations to Resist the British Attack--Divided Counsels--Arrival of the British Fleet--Consternation of the Inhabitants--Velasco Chosen as Commander of the Defense of Havana--Beginning of the Attack--Heroism of the Spanish Commander--British Accounts of the Fighting--Raids and Counter-Raids--British Reinforcements from the American Colonies--British Tributes to Spanish Valor--Surrender of the City--The Articles of Capitulation. CHAPTER V 80 British Occupation of Havana--Attitude of the Cubans Toward the British Conquerors--Departure of the Spanish Forces--British Views of the Conquest of Cuba--A Controversy Over Church Bells--Difficulties with the Spanish Clergy--Character of Lord Albemarle's Administration--Troubles Over Taxation--Plots Against British Rule--Corruption in Colonial Government--Political Disturbances in England--The Making of Peace--Restoration of Cuba to Spain. CHAPTER VI 96 Far-Reaching Effects of British Rule in Cuba--A French Picture of Life in Havana--A British Tribute to the City--Character of the People--Economic Changes in the Island--The Commerce of Havana--Defenses of the City--Not an Impregnable Fortress. CHAPTER VII 104 Departure of the British and Re-entry of the Spanish--The New Spanish Governor--Antagonisms Between British and Spanish--A Period of Reconstruction--Reclassification of Revenues--Military Reorganization of Havana--New Provincial Administration--Establishment of a Mail Service--End of a Noteworthy Administration--Reform in Police Regulations--Expulsion of Religious Orders--Suppressing Contraband Trading--Destruction by Earthquakes--A Disastrous Hurricane--An Administration Void of Complaints. CHAPTER VIII 119