The Administration of Santa Clara--Someruelos--Great Fire in Havana--Architectural Progress--Fear of Invasion--A French Fiasco--Hostility to Napoleon--Loyalty to an Unworthy King--Napoleon's Designs upon Cuba--The Aleman Episode--Arango and the Chamber of Commerce--Conflict with Godoy--Arango in the Cortes--Arbitrary Administration of Cienfuegos--Opposition to Street Lighting--Political Changes--Cagigal's Diplomatic Administration--Mahy the Reactionary. CHAPTER XX 319 Good and Bad Deeds of Vives--A Royal Decree that Proved a Boomerang--Dangers of the Slave Trade Perceived--Apprehension of Intervention by Other Powers--A Subtle Appeal for Patriotic Organization--Progress of the Spirit of Independence. CHAPTER XXI 328 British Designs upon Cuba--Cuban Negotiations with the United States--The Mission of Morales--Annexation Sentiment--Attitude of the United States Government--Issuance of the Monroe Doctrine--Its Effect in Europe and America--United States Consuls to Cuba Rejected--Cuba Offered to England in Pawn--American Objections to the Scheme--Increase of American Interest in Cuba. CHAPTER XXII 335 An Era of Revolution--Career of Simon Bolivar--His Observation of the French Revolution--Liberation of Venezuela--Miranda and His Work--Bolivar in Exile--Final Success of the Liberator--Influence of His Career upon Cuba. CHAPTER XXIII 343 The "Soles de Bolivar" in Cuba--Administration of Villanueva--Oppression of the People--Vain Attempts to Suppress Patriotic Societies--Conspiracies for Freedom--Early Martyrs to Patriotism--The Black Eagle--Trouble with Mexico--The Tyranny of Tacon--His Conflict with Lorenzo--Victims of Spanish Despotism--Cuban Deputies Excluded from the Cortes--Manipulation of the Police--Propaganda of Freedom by Cubans in Exile--Tacon's Public Works--Dealing with Pirates and Smugglers--Origin of the Havana Fish Market--Tacon as the Champion of Virtue in Distress--End of a Bad Reign. CHAPTER XXIV 366 Beginning of Slave Insurrections--David Turnbull's Pernicious Activities--O'Donnell the Despot--Roncali the Ridiculous--Causes of Slave Unrest--Story of One Uprising--Vacillating Course of the Government--Systematic Propaganda Among the Slaves--Some Serious Outbreaks--Savage Methods of Repression--A Reign of Torture and Slaughter--White Victims as Well as Black--An Appalling Record--Saco's Advocacy of Independence--Some Advocates of Annexation to the United States--Spain's Determination to Hold Cuba Fast. Chapter XXV 385