[57] Rig-Veda, 1. 4. 2. Most of these extracts from the Rig-Veda have been translated for this work from the original Sanskrit by Dr. Myriantheus, an able Sanskrit scholar, and compared by the author where it was possible with Wilson’s and Langlois’ translations of the Rig-Veda. With respect to the foregoing quotation, Dr. Max Müller translates it (in a letter to the author): “The intoxication of a wealthy man bestows wealth;” that is, a wealthy man when intoxicated is generous. Nothing can be more convincing than this rendering that the Aryan conception of the gods was but a reflection of the character of the people themselves. [58] Rig-Veda, 1. 9. 1. [59] Ibid., 1. 52. 5. [60] Ps. cxxxvi., and Rig-Veda, Langlois’ translation, p. 174. [61] Rig-Veda, 8. 1. 23. [62] Ibid., 10. 119. [63] Ibid., 10. 112. 3. [64] Ibid., 3. 58. 6. [65] Rig-Veda, 1. 54. 8, and 3. 43. 5. [66] Ibid., 5. 43. 3. [67] Aitareya Brahmána, vol. ii. p. 507. [68] Rig-Veda, 1. 191. 10. [69] Ibid., 8. 2. 12. [70] Chips from a German Workshop (R. V. 7. 86. 6). [71] Manu was a religions and moral lawgiver, whose doctrines united the spirit of Buddhism with that of the Brahmans. One of his translators and commentators, Sir William Jones, believes him to have lived in or before the ninth century B.C. Professor Wilson, one of the translators of the Rig-Veda, places him about the sixth century B.C. Gautama Sâkya (Buddha) is, however, supposed to have lived in the sixth or fifth century B.C. These are discrepancies which we cannot attempt here to reconcile. The extracts in the text are from Sir William Jones’s translation of the “Institutes of Hindoo Law, or the Ordinances of Manu,” chap. xi. Allen & Co. [72] Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal, vol. xlii. p. 10 _et seq._ [73] Morewood, p. 162, and Table, p. 717. [74] Ibid., p. 182. [75] The Natives of India, by James Kerr, pp. 171-173. Allen & Co. [76] Wanderings of a Pilgrim, vol. ii. pp. 147, 148. Pelham Richardson. [77] India and its Native Princes, by Louis Rousselet, p. 173. Chapman & Hall. [78] In Doran’s Table Traits, p. 300 (Bentley), will be found a drinking-song which was sung in the army not very long since during the prevalence of cholera, when, the author says (not defining the exact period), drinking in India was fearful. We extract two verses to show the callousness that prevailed. “Not a sigh for the lot that darkles, Not a tear for the friends who sink, We’ll fall ’mid the wine cup’s sparkled, As mute as the wine we drink. Come, stand to your glasses steady! ’Tis this that the respite buys. One cup to the dead already; Hurrah! for the next that dies. “Who dreads to the dust returning? Who shrinks from the sable shore, Where the high and haughty yearning Of the soul can sting no more? No, stand to your glasses steady; This world is a world of lies! One cup to the dead already; Hurrah! for the next that dies.”