The history of England, from the earliest times to the Norman ConquestHodgkin, Thomas
History
The history of England, from the earliest times to the Norman Conquest
Hodgkin, Thomas
Great Britain -- History -- To 1066
At the same time Augustine consecrated Justus, who, as we have seen,
was a colleague of Mellitus in the Roman legation, Bishop of Dorubrevi,
“which from an old chieftain of theirs named Hrof the English nation
calls Hrofaescaestre” (Rochester). These two bishoprics, Canterbury and
Rochester, both founded in the one kingdom of Kent, seem to represent a
certain political duality in that region,[49] as if it were the normal
state of affairs that East and West Kent should have separate rulers.
However this may be, it is well for us to bear in mind that the title
of king was one of rather vague significance. Besides the great and
powerful kings of the eight chief provinces there was many a cluster of
petty princes dignified with the name of kings, of whom the national
history can take no notice, but whose names figure royally in charters
and testamentary documents.
It was probably soon after the arrival of the messengers from Rome,
and to some extent in compliance with Gregory’s wishes, that some
important but, unhappily, resultless overtures were made by Augustine
to the rulers of the Welsh Church. Using the powerful advocacy of
Ethelbert, he invited the doctors and bishops of the British province
to meet him about the year 602 at a place in the west of England which
was known long after as “Augustine’s oak”. There Augustine addressed
the Welsh ecclesiastics and besought them to enter into the Catholic
peace, and undertake with him a common labour for the conversion of
the heathen. The chief point on which he insisted was the necessity of
their conforming to the Roman practice in the calculation of Easter,
a wearisome matter of debate as to which we shall hear more than
enough in the century of Anglian history that now lies before us.
When argument failed, the Roman advocate proposed to have recourse to
miracle: “Let some sick man be brought into our midst, and the party
whose prayers avail to heal him shall be deemed to be the advocates
of the cause approved by God”. Unwillingly the Britons consented. A
blind Englishman was introduced into the assembly. The prayers of the
Welshmen failed to restore him to sight, but the prayers of Augustine,
we are told, succeeded. Then, it is said, the Britons professed to
be convinced that the course recommended by Augustine was the way of
righteousness, but declared that they could not, without the consent of
their countrymen, abandon their ancient customs. They therefore pleaded
for a second conference, which was to be held at some place which is
not named, and was to be attended by a much larger body of clergy.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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