The history of England, from the earliest times to the Norman ConquestHodgkin, Thomas
History
The history of England, from the earliest times to the Norman Conquest
Hodgkin, Thomas
Great Britain -- History -- To 1066
Cæsar had determined to make his exploratory voyage with two legions,
the Seventh and the Tenth. He perhaps hoped that actual war would
not be necessary to bring about the formal submission of the tribes
on the coast, and he therefore did not take with him more than the
8,000 to 10,000 men, which were probably the actual muster of two
legions, and a body of cavalry whose precise number is not stated. As
fighting, however, might, after all, prove to be necessary, he took
care that one of the legions which accompanied him should be the famous
Tenth on whose courage and devotion he often relied, not in vain. To
transport the legions he had collected about eighty cargo ships (_naves
onerariæ_), many of which had been employed the year before in his
naval campaign off the coast of Brittany. He had also a certain number
of galleys (_naves longæ_) capable of being rowed much faster than
the heavy transport ships could sail. On these latter his staff of
officers, quæstors, legates and prefects were embarked, and no doubt
the proconsul himself was their companion.
The fleet set sail about midnight on August 26, B.C. 55, or on some
day very near to that date. The port of embarkation was probably near
to Cape Gris Nez and at the narrowest part of the channel, but almost
every sentence of the following narrative has been the subject of
an animated topographical discussion, and Cæsar himself mentions no
names of places that can be certainly identified.[4] Whatever may have
been the harbour from which the legions embarked it was not the same
which had been appointed as a rendezvous for the cavalry. These latter
were to be borne upon a little fleet of eighteen transports which
were detained by a contrary wind at a port eight miles farther up the
channel. As we shall see, their ill fortune in the matter of weather
continued throughout the expedition, and their consequent inability
to co-operate with the legions may have been the chief cause of the
expedition’s failure.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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