4. Ibn Sina (Avicenna) 131–148 1. His Life 131 2. His Work 132 3. Branches of Philosophy. Logic 134 4. Metaphysics and Physics 135 5. Anthropology and Psychology 139 6. The Reason 141 7. Allegorical Representation of the Doctrine of the Reason 143 8. Esoteric Teaching 144 9. Ibn Sina’s Time. Beruni 145 10. Behmenyar 146 11. Survival of Ibn Sina’s Influence 147 5. Ibn al-Haitham (Alhazen) 148–153 1. Scientific Movement turning Westward 148 2. Ibn al-Haitham’s Life and Works 149 3. Perception and Judgment 150 4. Slender effect left by his Teaching 152 CHAPTER V. The Outcome of Philosophy in The East. 1. Gazali 154–168 1. Dialectic and Mysticism 154 2. Gazali’s Life 155 3. Attitude towards his Time: Hostility to Aristotelianism 158 4. The World as the Production of God’s Free Creative Might 159 5. God and Divine Providence 162 6. Doctrine of the Resurrection 163 7. Gazali’s Theology 164 8. Experience and Revelation 166 9. Estimate of Gazali’s Position and Teaching 168 2. The Epitomists 169–171 1. Position of Philosophy in the East, after Gazali’s Time 169 2. Philosophical Culture 170 CHAPTER VI. Philosophy in The West. 1. Beginnings 172–175 1. The Age of the Omayyads 172 2. The Eleventh Century 174 2. Ibn Baddja (Avempace) 175–181 1. The Almoravids 175 2. Ibn Baddja’s Life 176 3. The Character of his Works 177 4. His Logic and Metaphysics 177 5. His Opinions regarding Soul and Spirit 178 6. The Individual Man 179