The history of the Bastile, and of its principal captivesDavenport, R. A. (Richard Alfred)
History
The history of the Bastile, and of its principal captives
Davenport, R. A. (Richard Alfred)
Bastille -- History; Political crimes and offenses -- France; Prisons -- France -- History
It was not till 1691, nor till the government of Berne had interfered
in his behalf, that Morell was set free. Disgusted with the treatment
which he had experienced, he returned to his native country. His
subsequent existence was embittered by severe bodily suffering. His
health was so much injured by confinement, and by vexation at his
favourite project being frustrated, that palsy deprived him of the use
of one side, and rendered him incapable of handling pen or pencil. He
was somewhat recovered, and had acquired the patronage of the Count of
Schwartzenburg-Armstadt, a lover of medals, when he was overturned in a
carriage, and one of his shoulders dislocated. This accident brought on
another attack of palsy, to which he fell a victim in 1703. The materials
for his unfinished work were arranged and published, by Havercamp, in
1734, with the title of “Thesaurus Morellianus.” Another of his works, a
“Numismatic History of the Twelve Emperors,” was given to the public, in
1753, by Havercamp, Schlegel, and Gori, who overlaid it with a ponderous
mass of confused and discordant commentaries.
The doctrines of Quietism, the origin of which may be traced to oriental
climes, but of which a Spanish monk, Michael Molinos, was the European
apostle, and finally the victim, were espoused by one of the most amiable
of French enthusiasts, and they brought on her, as they had brought on
him, calumny, persecution, and imprisonment. Madam Guyon, whose maiden
name was Bouvier de la Motte, was born at Montargis, in 1648. Even in
very early youth she had a strong tendency to mysticism, and would have
adopted a monastic life, had her parents not prevented her. At sixteen
she was married; at eight-and-twenty she became a widow. The visionary
ideas which she had cherished before marriage now resumed their empire,
and a powerful stimulus was given to them by her confessor, and by the
titular bishop of Geneva, and other ecclesiastics, all of whom laboured
to fill her with the belief that Heaven had destined her to play an
extraordinary part for the advancement of religion. “Left a widow when
she was still tolerably young,” says Voltaire, “with riches, beauty, and
a mind fitted for society, she became infatuated with what is called
_spiritualism_. A monk of Anneci, near Geneva, named Lacombe, was her
director. This man, characterized by a not uncommon mixture of passions
and religion, and who died mad, plunged the mind of his penitent into
the mystic reveries by which it was already affected. The longing desire
to be a French St. Theresa did not allow her to perceive how different
the French character is from the Spanish, and made her go much further
than St. Theresa. The ambition of having disciples, which is perhaps the
strongest of all the kinds of ambition, took entire possession of her
heart.” In ascribing such a motive to Madame Guyon, Voltaire does her
wrong, there not being a shadow of a reason for supposing that she was
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