The History of the Inquisition of Spain from the Time of its Establishment to the Reign of Ferdinand VII.Llorente, Juan Antonio
History
The History of the Inquisition of Spain from the Time of its Establishment to the Reign of Ferdinand VII.
Llorente, Juan Antonio
Inquisition -- Spain
Although the prisoner was acquitted, he was not acquainted with the
names of his denouncers and the witnesses. He rarely obtained a more
public reparation than the liberty of returning to his house with a
certificate of absolution.
_Execution of the Sentence._
The nature of the punishments inflicted by the Inquisition has been
already described; it is, therefore, only necessary to remark that the
sentences were not communicated to the victims until the commencement of
the execution, since the condemned were sent to the _autos-da-fé_,
either to be reconciled or given over to secular justice; on leaving
prison the _familiars_ attired them in the _san-benito_, with a paper
mitre on their heads, a cord round their necks, and a wax taper in their
hands.
When the prisoner arrives at the place of execution, his sentence is
read, and he is then reconciled or _relaxed_, which means, that he is
condemned to be burnt by the justice of the king.
_San-benito._
The _San-benito_ was a species of _scapulary_, which only descended to
the knees, that it might not be confounded with those worn by some
monks: this motive also made the inquisitors prefer common woollen stuff
of a yellow colour with red crosses for the _San-benito_. Such were the
penitential habits in 1514, when Cardinal Ximenez de Cisneros altered
the common crosses for those of St. Andrew. The inquisitors afterwards
had a different habit for each class of penitents.
Those who abjured as _slightly_ suspected of heresy, wore the scapulary
of yellow stuff without the cross. If he abjured as _violently
suspected_, he wore half the cross; if he was a _formal heretic_, he
wore it entire. There were also three different kinds of garments for
those who were condemned to death. The first was for those who repented
before they were sentenced. It was a simple yellow scapulary with a red
cross, and a conical cap, denominated _Caroza_, which was formed of the
same stuff as the _San-benito_, and decorated with similar crosses.
The second was destined for those who had been condemned to be burnt,
but who had repented after their sentence, and before they were
conducted to the _autos-da-fé_. The _San-benito_ and the _Caroza_ were
made of the same stuff. On the lower part of the scapulary a bust was
painted, in the midst of a fire, the flames of which were reversed, to
show that the culprit was not to be burnt until he had been strangled.
The _Caroza_ was painted in the same manner.
The third was for those who were impenitent. It was similar to the
others, with a bust, and the flames in the natural direction, to show
that the person who wore it was to be burnt alive; grotesque figures of
devils were also painted on the _San-benito_ and _Caroza_.
CHAPTER X.
OF THE PRINCIPAL EVENTS DURING THE MINISTRY OF THE INQUISITORS DEZA AND
CISNEROS.
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