The History of Yiddish Literature in the Nineteenth CenturyWiener, Leo
History
The History of Yiddish Literature in the Nineteenth Century
Wiener, Leo
Yiddish literature -- History and criticism
In 1828 J. B. Levinsohn wrote his Hebrew work, 'Teudo Beisroel,' by
which the Haskala took a firm footing in Russia. About the same time
there circulated manuscript copies of a Judeo-German essay by the same
author, in which a sad picture of Jewish communal affairs was painted in
vigorous and idiomatic words. This essay, called 'The World Turned
Topsy-Turvy,'[76] is given in the form of a conversation by three
persons, of whom one is a stranger from a better country where the
affairs of the Jews are administered honestly. The other two in turn lay
before him an array of facts which it is painful to regard as having
existed in reality. It is interesting to note that the stranger, who is
Levinsohn himself, advocates the formation of agricultural colonies for
the Jews, by which he hoped to better their wretched condition and to
gain for them respect among those who accused them of being averse to
work.
The most original and most prolific Judeo-German writer of this early
period was Israel Aksenfeld.[77] He was born in the last quarter of the
eighteenth century, and had passed the early days of his life in the
neighborhood of the Rabbi of Braslow, a noted Khassid, being himself a
follower of that sect. Later in life, in the fifties, he is remembered
as a notary public in Odessa. He was a man of great culture. Those who
knew him then speak in the highest terms of the kindly old man that he
was. They also like to dwell on the remarkable qualities of his cultured
wife, from whom he is supposed to have received much inspiration.[78]
That is all that is known of his life. Gottlober mentions also in his
'Recollections' that he had written twenty-six books, and that according
to Aksenfeld's own statements they had been written in the twenties or
thereabout. Of these only five were printed in the sixties; the rest are
said to be stored away in a loft in Odessa, where they are held as
security for a debt incurred by the trustee of his estate. Although this
fact is known to some of the Jews of that city, no one has taken any
steps to redeem the valuable manuscripts. This is to be greatly
regretted, as his books throw light on a period of history for which
there is no other documentary evidence except that given by the writings
of men who lived at that time.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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