The History of Yiddish Literature in the Nineteenth CenturyWiener, Leo
History
The History of Yiddish Literature in the Nineteenth Century
Wiener, Leo
Yiddish literature -- History and criticism
The climax is reached when her father arrives and tells of
Nachman's self-sacrifice, how he has given himself up for the love he
bears her, how they put him in chains and took him away. Früme bears
her secret to the last, but her heart breaks, and she dies. The sorrow
of her parents is great. During the lamentation Nachman's blind mother
arrives, led by a little girl. She has learned of Chanzi's treachery,
and breaks out in loud curses against those who took part in the plot.
As she steps forward, she touches the dead body of her whom Nachman had
thought to be his bride. She addresses her as though she were alive and
consoles her that she need not be ashamed of Nachman, who had been an
inoffensive, though somewhat wild, boy. While speaking this, she faints
over her body.
The characters are all admirably delineated, and how true to nature the
whole play is one can see from a matter-of-fact story, by Dick,[79] of
the effects of the Ukase on the city of Wilna. Except for the tragic
plot, the drama may serve as a historical document of the event, and is
a valuable material for the study of the Jewish mind in the beginning of
Nicholas's reign. This must also be said of the other plays of
Aksenfeld, which all deal with conditions of contemporary Jewish
society.
Similar to Aksenfeld's subject in 'The Fillet of Pearls' is the comedy
'The Marriage Veil' by Gottlober, which he wrote in 1838. Jossele, a
young man with modern ideas, is to be married to a one-eyed monster,
while his sweetheart, Freudele, is to be mated on the same day with a
disfigured fool. By Jossele's machinations, in which he takes advantage
of the superstitions of the people, he is united under the marriage veil
to Freudele, while the two monstrosities are married to each other. This
is found out too late to be mended. This plot is only an excuse to show
up the hypocrisy and rascality of the miracle-working Rabbi in even a
more grotesque way than in 'The Fillet of Pearls.' A much finer work is
his story 'The Transmigration,' which, however, is said to be based on a
similar story in the Hebrew, by Erter. In this a dead soul, previous to
finding its final resting-place, relates of its many transmigrations ere
reaching its last stage. The succession of mundane existences is
strictly in keeping with the previous moral life of the soul. It starts
out with being a Khassidic singer, who, like all the followers of the
Rabbi, is represented as an ignorant dupe. After his death he naturally
is turned into a horse, the emblem of good-natured stupidity according
to the popular Jewish idea. Then he is in turn a Precentor, a fish, a
tax-gatherer, a dog, a critic, an ass, a doctor, a leech, a usurer, a
pig, a contractor. By far the most interesting and dramatic incident is
that of the doctor, who is trying to pass for a pious Jew, but who is
caught eating lobsters, which are forbidden by the Mosaic Law, and who
dies from strangulation in his attempt to swallow a lobster to hide his
crime.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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