The Hobo: The Sociology of the Homeless ManAnderson, Nels
General
The Hobo: The Sociology of the Homeless Man
Anderson, Nels
Chicago (Ill.) -- Social conditions; Tramps
“The hat trick,” as it is sometimes called, is a popular means
of “getting by.” On a Sunday, a holiday, or indeed any evening,
the streets of Hobohemia are likely to be enlivened by men who
have a message, haranguing the crowds. They may be selling papers
or books on the proletarian movement. In any case, most of them
terminate their speeches by passing the hat. Few speakers spend
their eloquence on the audiences of Hobohemia without asking
something in return. It must not be assumed that these men are all
insincere. Many of them are, but most of them are in the “game” for
the money it yields. One of these orators is conspicuous because
his stock in trade is a confession that he is not like the other
speakers. He admits that he is out for bed and board. He will talk
on any subject, will permit himself to be laughed at, and jollied
by the crowd, but when he passes the hat he usually gets enough for
another day’s board.
The missions attract men who are religious primarily for profit.
Many who are really sincere find it more profitable to be on the
Lord’s side. Nearly every mission has a corps of men who perform
the “hat trick” by going from house to house begging old clothes
or cash or whatever the people care to give. The collector’s
conscience is the only check on the amount of money taken in. Some
missions divide all cash collections with the solicitors. Sometimes
the collector gets as much as fifty cents on the dollar.
The exploitation of children is as old as the history of vagrancy.
Even the tramp has learned that on the road boys may be used to
get money. A boy can beg better than an older man, and frequently
men will chum with boys for the advantages such companionships
give them. Boys who are new on the road are often willing to be
exploited by a veteran in exchange for the things they can learn
from him.
“WORKING THE FOLKS”
There is a type of tramp who lives on his bad reputation. He may
have been sent away for the sake of the family, or have fled for
safety, or he may have gone voluntarily to start life anew. Seldom
does he succeed, but family pride stands between him and his
return. He capitalizes the fact that his family does not want him
to return.
Such a man resides on South State Street. He comes from a good
family but his relatives do not care to have him about. He is fat
and greasy and dirty; he seems to have no opinions of his own; is
always getting into people’s way and making himself disagreeable
by his effort to be sociable. His relatives pay him four dollars a
week to stay in Chicago. On that amount, with what he can earn, he
is able to live.[10]
Another man raises funds now and then when he is broke by writing
or telegraphing that he is thinking about returning home. His
return means trouble. His requests for assistance are a kind of
blackmail levied on the family.[11]
“WHITE COLLAR” BEGGING
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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