But far the greater part of the hetaerae lived alone, and every large
town possessed a number of these women, who were classed in different
grades according to their education. Some of them were rich women,
owning large numbers of slaves; their fame spread through the whole of
Greece, and their rooms were crowded by men of the first rank in
politics, literature, and art; great artists vied in representing them
in bronze and marble, and their fame has descended even to our own
times. Among all these, the most celebrated was the older Aspasia, the
friend of Pericles, a woman of the highest intellectual endowments and
most cultivated taste, who attracted men rather by the power of her
intellect than of her charms. Other celebrated hetaerae, such as Laïs
and Phryne, owe their renown, which has descended even to the present
day, chiefly to their extraordinary beauty and the numerous anecdotes
current about their life and also about their greed for money, and
shameless character. These hetaerae, who thus lived by themselves, were
either freed women or foreigners; some of them are not unattractive
characters, whose wit and grace may easily have attracted even men of
note, while others were mere courtesans, covetous, superficial, and
dress-loving.
In order to understand the possibility of their social intercourse with
men of unblemished reputation, and the fact that these girls played a
part in Greek literature almost more important than that of honest
women, we must bear in mind the slight education and retired life of the
Greek women. Even this can hardly account for the permission granted to
a hetaera like Phryne to dedicate her statue by Praxiteles at Delphi, or
her venturing to bathe in the sea, completely naked, like an Aphrodite
Anadyomene, in the presence of numerous admiring spectators. We can
only explain this by remembering the intense Hellenic love of beauty,
apart from the considerations of morality, which looked on a beautiful
human body as a divine work demanding adoration, which made it possible
to forget the moral weaknesses inherent in it. At Corinth, in the temple
of Aphrodite, more than a thousand temple slaves (ίερόδουλοι) were
maintained, who were regarded as in the service of the goddess, and this
conception of love as worship was very common throughout the East. But
although much was openly done in ancient times which would be concealed
at the present day, it would be a mistake to suppose that the position
occupied by these women was a really honourable one.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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