Dual unionism 299 An I. W. W. defense of "boring from within" 300 Tom Mann joins in the attack on dual unionism 303 Rejoinders from Ettor and Haywood 303 The 1913 convention 305 Centralization _versus_ decentralization 305 The proposals of the "decentralizers" 306 The relation of the locals to the general organization 307 The Pacific Coast District Organization 311 The East against the West in the decentralization debate 313 The western Wobbly and the eastern 314 Geographical differences in I. W. W. local unions 315 An anarchist's impressions of the 1913 convention 318 CHAPTER XIV RECENT TENDENCIES Continued hostility between the I. W. W. and the Western Federation of Miners 320 The labor war in Butte, Montana 321 The United Mine Workers and the I. W. W 325 The 1914 convention 327 The I. W. W. and the unemployed 329 The resolution against war 331 Constitutional changes 331 Time agreements 332 Growth in membership 333 The slump in 1914-1915 335 Revival of activity 337 The Agricultural Workers Organization 337 The Everett free-speech fight 339 The 1916 (tenth) convention 340 Present strength of the I. W. W. 341 Character of the membership 341 The I. W. W. abroad 342 Anti-militarist campaign of the I. W. W. in Australasia 342 Australian "Unlawful Associations" Act 343 The Workers' Industrial Union of Australia 345 "Criminal Syndicalism" laws in the United States 346 The turnover of I. W. W. members and locals 349 Conclusion 350 APPENDICES I. Father Hagerty's "Wheel of Fortune" 351 II. The I. W. W. Preamble: Chicago and Detroit versions 351