[472] Ransome, Arthur. _Russia in 1919_ (New York, B. W. Huebsch, 1919), pp. 120-121. The section of the book containing this paragraph is reprinted in the _Liberator_, August, 1919, p. 31. [473] _Daniel DeLeon, the Man and his Work: a Symposium_ (New York, 1919), 336 pp. The volume includes a reprint of the series of articles by Rudolph Katz, "With DeLeon since '89", first published serially in the columns of the _Weekly People_. CHAPTER X THE I. W. W. ON THE "CIVILIZED PLANE" (1908-1915) The Detroit faction of the I. W. W. which in 1915 changed its name to the Workers' International Industrial Union, never attained a strength at all comparable to that of the direct-actionist group. In Appendix IV are given what membership figures are available for both locals and individual members. For the total membership, the figures in columns 3 and 4 (Table A) are probably the most accurate. They show that the Detroiters had in 1910, two years after the schism of 1908, about 3,500 members. The following year their membership was about the same, but in 1912 it very nearly reached 11,000. That was the year of maximum membership, as it was also, except possibly for the year 1916, for the Chicago faction. In every year the figures show a very much smaller membership for the Detroit than for the Chicago faction. The difference in favor of the direct-actionists is still more marked in regard to the number of local unions. The Secretary-Treasurer of the Detroit faction says that only one new local was organized in 1909--the year following the split.[474] The following table shows the growth of local union membership:[475] DETROIT I. W. W.--MEMBERSHIP FIGURES -------+-------------------------------+---------+------------ | New locals formed. | | | | Defunct | Total No. Year. |--------+-------------+--------| locals. | of locals. | Mixed. | Industrial. | Total. | | -------+--------+-------------+--------+---------+------------ 1908-9 | .. | .. | 1 | .. | 23 1910 | 2 | 5 | 7 | 16 | 14 1911 | 6 | 12 | 18 | 6 | 26 1912 | 7 | 25 | 32 | 24 | 34 1913 | 6 | 16 | 22 | 17 | 39 1914 | 5 | 9 | 14 | 4 | 49 1915 | 1 | 1 | 2 | .. | 51[476] -------+--------+-------------+--------+---------+------------