The Indians of the Pike's Peak Region: Including an Account of the Battle of Sand Creek, and of Occurrences in El Paso County, Colorado, during the War with the Cheyennes and Arapahoes, in 1864 and 1868Howbert, Irving
History
The Indians of the Pike's Peak Region: Including an Account of the Battle of Sand Creek, and of Occurrences in El Paso County, Colorado, during the War with the Cheyennes and Arapahoes, in 1864 and 1868
Howbert, Irving
El Paso County, Colo. -- History; Indians of North America -- Colorado; Sand Creek Massacre, Colo., 1864
"Governor Evans explained that smoking the war-pipe was a
figurative term, but their conduct had been such as to show
that they had an understanding with other tribes.
"Several Indians: We acknowledge that our actions have given
you reason to believe this."
In addition to all this, I refer to the statement of Mrs.
Ewbanks. She is one of the prisoners that Black Kettle, in
the council, said they had. Instead of _purchasing_ her, they
first _captured_ her on the Little Blue, and then _sold_ her
to the Sioux.
Mrs. Martin, another rescued prisoner, was _captured_ by the
_Cheyennes_ on Plum Creek, _west of Kearney_, with a boy nine
years old. These were the prisoners of which White Antelope
said, in the council, "We took two prisoners west of Kearney,
and destroyed the trains." In her published statement she says
the party who captured her and the boy killed eleven men and
destroyed the trains and were mostly _Cheyennes_.
Thus I have proved by the Indian chiefs named in the report, by
Agent Colley and Major Wynkoop, to whom they refer to sustain
their assertion to the contrary, that these Indians had "been
at war, and had committed acts of hostility and depredations."
In regard to their status prior to their council at Denver,
the foregoing public documents which I have cited show how
utterly devoid of truth or foundation is the assertion that
these Indians "had been friendly to the whites, and had not
been guilty of any acts of hostility or depredations."
The next paragraph of the report is as follows:
"A northern band of Cheyennes, known as the 'Dog Soldiers,' had
been guilty of acts of hostility; but all the testimony goes
to prove that they had no connection with Black Kettle's band,
and acted in spite of his authority and influence. Black Kettle
and his band denied all connection with, or responsibility
for, the Dog Soldiers, and Left Hand and his band were equally
friendly."
The committee and the public will be surprised to learn the
fact that these Dog Soldiers, on which the committee throws the
_slight_ blame for acts of hostility, were really among Black
Kettle's and White Antelope's own warriors, in the "_friendly_"
camp to which Major Wynkoop made his expedition, and their head
man, Bull Bear, was one of the prominent men of the deputation
brought in to see me at Denver. By reference to the report of
the council with the chiefs, to which I referred the committee,
it will be observed that Black Kettle and all present based
their propositions to _make peace_ upon the assent of _their
bands_, and that these Dog Soldiers were especially referred
to.
The report continues:
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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