France and England, 123, 126, 157, 167, 172, 213 Frauds, Statute of, 115 Free Trade, 212, 213, 227 Friars, the coming of the, 75 Game, 111 Gangs, agricultural, 208 Germany, 134, 167, 217, 227, 228 Gilds, 27–30; in cloth trade, 54 Gild lands, confiscation of, 86 Gladstone’s budget of 1853, 215, (quoted), 227 Glasgow, 3 Gold, discoveries of, 216 Greshams, the, 96 Guicciardini on trade, 96, 103 Hansa, the, factory in London, 94, 95 Hargreaves, 159 Harrison’s _Elizabethan England_, 104, 108 Henry of Huntingdon (quoted), 33 Henry II., 31; Henry V., 49; Henry VIII., 83–91 History, economic questions in, 238 Hobson, 237, 238 Holland, 122, 123, 168, 230. _See_ Dutch Home trade, value of, 219 Houses, mediæval, 19 Housing and town-planning, 230 Huguenots in England, 134 Hull, 64 Huskisson and Free Trade, 213 Imports, 34, 63, 93, 212. _See_ Trade Income-tax, 223 India, 5, 127, 225 Industrial Revolution. _See_ Revolution Industrial transition in 14th century, 55 Industrial villages (mediæval), 65 Industries, manual, 142 Industry, growth of, 212 Infant mortality, 230 Inhabitants of a manor, 12, 13 Inventions, 138, 140, 159, 160, 165, 236 Iron trade, 138, 139, 164 Jews in England, 35 Jewries, 35 John, King, 39 Joint-Stock Companies, 237 Ket’s Rising, 47 King, Gregory, referred to, 112, 114, 116 “Knight’s Fee,” a, 18 Labour, power of, 221 Labour. _See_ Agricultural labourer, Manufacturing population, and Artisans; _also_ Wages and Capitalist Labour Exchanges, 232 Labour Party, 233 Labourer, the “Golden Age” of, 79 Lace, 103 Land, different kinds of, in a manor, 21 Landlords, 73, 77; rapacity of, 109, 204; their gains, 198; services of, 198, 204 Latimer on rent, 118 Leeds, 151, 156, 163 Liverpool, 152, 236 Lloyd-George, 232 London, 2, 24, 39; the Western emporium, 97 Lord of the manor, 7, 11 Manchester, 152 Manor, 7, 12 Manufacturers and politics, 56, 145; large and small, 147 Manufacture, domestic system of, 155 Manufactures, 36, 51, 100, 135 Manufacturing towns, mediæval, 57; decay of, 65; monopolies of, 101; population, 149, 152, 178, 231 Marconi, 236 Mark, the, 5, 6; mark-moot, 6 Markets, 3, 38, 60; “a sole market,” 168; new, 219 Master clothiers, 66 Meadow land valuable, 21 Members, payment of, 234 Mercantile Theory, the, 168 Merchant gilds, 27, 28 Middle Ages, close of, 81 Mining, 141, 164; women in mines, 194 Misery of working classes, 194 Monasteries, dissolution of, 84, 85 Money, 3 Monopolies, 101, 237 More, Sir Thomas, evidence of, 88, 90 Motor transport, 236 Napoleon I., 173 National Debt, 145, 173, 225 Navigation Acts, 130, 169, 213 Newcastle (coals), 130, 137 New World, discoveries in, 89 Norfolk, 46, 51, 112; agriculture in, 199 Northern counties, desolation of, 38; growth of, 162 Norwich, 26, 39 Nottingham, 24, 58, 60 Oastler, Richard, 183 Old Age Pensions, 226, 228, 232 “Osborne Judgment,” 234 Over-production, 220 Oxford, origin of, 23, 25