The inquisition in the Spanish dependencies: Sicily—Naples—Sardinia—Milan—the Canaries—Mexico—Peru—New GranadaLea, Henry Charles
History
The inquisition in the Spanish dependencies: Sicily—Naples—Sardinia—Milan—the Canaries—Mexico—Peru—New Granada
Lea, Henry Charles
Inquisition
During this period of decadence the functions of the tribunal, in its
proper sphere of action, amounted to little more than punishing a few
bigamists, so-called sorcerers and soliciting confessors. In 1702 it
reported only four cases pending--three for bigamy and a Jesuit, Padre
Francisco de Figueroa, for what was known as flagellation, or stripping
female penitents and using the discipline on them, an offence akin to
solicitation.[522] Yet in an auto of 1704 it exhibited eight bigamists
and two sorcerers and, in one of 1708, it had thirteen penitents of whom
five were bigamists. There was an exception in 1712 when it had the
fortune to present a Judaizer who had denounced himself and begged for
mercy, notwithstanding which he was condemned to appear in an auto with
a gag and to irremissible prison and sanbenito for life. In 1712-13
there were eleven convictions for solicitation and in 1722 an auto with
twelve penitents, of whom nine were bigamists, followed soon afterwards
with five cases of solicitation. So it went on, gradually diminishing
and affording less and less justification for the existence of the
tribunal with its large revenues, though when it had an opportunity it
demonstrated that it retained its capacity for evil, as in the case of a
naval lieutenant, Manuel Germa de Bahamonde, arrested February 24, 1735,
for heretical propositions and, after nine years of incarceration,
pronounced insane in 1744, when he was sent to the castle of San Juan de
Ulua pending transmission to Spain.[523]
After 1750 there was some increase in business, arising from the
prevalence of blasphemy and irreligion in the army, especially in the
regiments of foreigners, and cases became more numerous among foreign
residents accused of heresy and free-thinking. It was doubtless owing to
this that Fernando VI, in a decree of December 31, 1756, imposed the
death penalty on recruits who pretended Catholicism in order to
enlistment--a severity modified in 1765 by Carlos III to expulsion from
the kingdom.[524] In spite of these measures, the tribunal, in a letter
of April 28, 1766, complained of the number of foreigners sent to Mexico
among the troops--their disseminating the heresies of Luther and Calvin
and of total irreligion, and their justification of England, thus
diminishing the horror and detestation felt by the natives for the
English, which it was so desirable to maintain. The Suprema represented
this to Carlos, who thereupon ordered that no soldiers should be sent to
the Indies who were not assuredly Catholics.[525]
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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