The inquisition in the Spanish dependencies: Sicily—Naples—Sardinia—Milan—the Canaries—Mexico—Peru—New GranadaLea, Henry Charles
History
The inquisition in the Spanish dependencies: Sicily—Naples—Sardinia—Milan—the Canaries—Mexico—Peru—New Granada
Lea, Henry Charles
Inquisition
Under this system the Roman Inquisition had a tolerably free hand in
Naples and its arrests were sufficiently numerous for it to establish a
regular service of vessels to carry its prisoners, transportation by sea
being much more economical than by land. The latter was expensive, as we
chance to learn from a letter of March 8, 1586, ordering Captain Amoroso
to be forwarded by land because the tempestuous weather prevented
vessels from putting to sea. He was to have a guard of six soldiers who
were to bring back a certificate of his delivery to the Inquisition, and
the expenses of the journey were to be defrayed from the property of the
prisoner.[175] The sea service, however, was not without its risks.
When, in 1593, Fray Gerónimo Gracian, the disciple of Santa Teresa, left
Naples for Rome, it was on a _fragata de la Inquisicion_, which is
described as well provided with chains and shackles for securing
prisoners. It chanced to be captured by the Moors and Gracian narrowly
escaped burning, as he was supposed to be an inquisitor.[176]
Still Rome was not satisfied with this and it found Viceroy Osuna
(1582-86) obsequious to its exigencies. About 1585 he allowed Sixtus V
to establish in Naples a regular Commissioner of the Inquisition, with
jurisdiction practically superseding that of the archbishop. By this
time the spirit of the Neapolitans had been effectually broken. Already,
in 1580, the Venetian envoy Alvise Lando, in describing how they had
been subdued by the universal misery attendant on the Spanish
domination, especially under the vice-royalty of the Marquis of Mondéjar
(1575-79), adds that it is the opinion of many that if the king chose to
establish the Inquisition, so greatly abhorred, there would be little
opposition.[177] How speedily under these circumstances the episcopal
functions became atrophied is illustrated by a case occurring in 1592.
In 1590 a French youth named Jacques Girard was captured by a Barbary
corsair, circumcised and forced to embrace Islam. In 1592 he was sent on
shore in Calabria with a boat’s crew to procure water, when he escaped
and, being taken for a Moor, was thrown in prison at Cosenza. He applied
to the archbishop for reconciliation to the Church; the prelate felt
unable to act, even in so simple a matter, and wrote to the Roman
Inquisition for instructions. Before these came, Jacques had been
transferred to Naples; a second application was made to Rome and the
necessary powers were sent to the Archbishop of Naples, with orders to
report the result.[178] So, in the trial for heresy of the celebrated
Fra Tommaso Campanella, in 1600, Clement VIII designated as a court his
nuncio at Naples, the archiepiscopal vicar and the Bishop of Termoli,
and they were to transmit to Rome a summary of the case, with their
opinions, before rendering sentence.[179]
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