The Ivory Workers of the Middle AgesCust, Anna Maria Elizabeth
History
The Ivory Workers of the Middle Ages
Cust, Anna Maria Elizabeth
Ivories -- History; Ivories, Medieval
The casket has a frieze of fifteen heads in medallions, and in the
narrow borders are the symbolical Types of Old Testament history. The
large central scenes are from the New Testament, showing Christ as the
Good Shepherd at the Gate of the Fold, and several of the miracles
which became so popular on the Italo-Byzantine ivories, including the
rarer scene of the _Raising of Jairus’s daughter_, which has many
features in common with the _Raising of Tabitha_ on one of a series of
three most interesting little plaques in the British Museum, notably in
the treatment of the long waving hair of the attendant women. On the
flat lid the Cycle of the Passion is most fully illustrated, but stops
short with the scene in the Prætorium before the sad representation of
the Crucifixion.
The great similarity between the art of the Eastern and Western
divisions of the Roman Empire has already been mentioned, and it is
this similarity which causes considerable difficulty in classifying
the early ivories. The three British Museum plaques just referred to
as having a close connection in the scene of the _Raising of Tabitha_
to the Brescia casket, which is undoubtedly of Western origin, have
also a strong resemblance to the first half of a diptych now in the
Trivulzio Collection at Milan, both in the dress of the soldiers, and
in the crouching figure of one of the Holy Women, which are almost
identical on the two ivories. Molinier considers the Trivulzio tablet
to be purely Constantinopolitan, but Graeven produces good evidence for
connecting it with Latin sculpture.
This tablet is divided into two scenes from the first Easter Morn, the
startled soldiers by the tomb of Christ, and the Angel appearing to the
two Maries. The proportions are on the whole good, though inclining
to the dumpiness peculiar to the reliefs on the sarcophagi. There are
other details which betray the influence of these sculptures. The half
opened door of the tomb is found on pagan coffins, and the dress of
the soldiers, with the strange round headgear, rather like a cook’s
cap, is often characteristic of the Jews, and is found on several of
the sarcophagi. In the British Museum plaques the Israelites who stoop
down to drink of the water from the rock wear exactly the same dress,
treated in exactly the same manner, even to the ends of the chlamys,
which fly out in rapid movement.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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