The Ivory Workers of the Middle AgesCust, Anna Maria Elizabeth
History
The Ivory Workers of the Middle Ages
Cust, Anna Maria Elizabeth
Ivories -- History; Ivories, Medieval
This dress is also found in a Codex (No. 286) at Corpus Christi
College, Cambridge, and again on another set of plaques in the British
Museum, which belonged to a casket, and are of a deep reddish colour.
On these plaques the types of the Holy Women are the same as those
on the Trivulzio tablet, and the crouching women in the _Raising of
Tabitha_ in the British Museum set of three. The Crucifixion (Fig. 7)
belongs to the coloured set, and is the earliest representation known,
excepting that on the carved wood doors of St. Sabina at Rome, which
were made by Greek workmen for Pope Celestin (432-440), and the two
conceptions have much in common in modelling and pose.
It should be noticed that the _titulus_ is written only in Latin.
A most important proof of the Latin origin of these ivories is the
finely cut honeysuckle moulding which surrounds the door of the tomb
in the Trivulzio tablet, and which is found both on the diptych of
Probianus (Fig. 2) and on that of the Nicomachi family (No. 58). The
tablet has another close connection with the Probianus diptych in
the division of the surface into two tiers by the border, and the
recognition of the existence of three dimensional space, by grouping
the figures firmly on the ground. This knowledge was soon forgotten,
and the figures on sculptures of scarcely later date float about one
over the other without the artist being in the least troubled by the
problem of the depth of inclosed space. The close connection with these
diptychs points to an early date, probably not later than the first
decades of the fifth century. The dividing border[9] is very common
in Carlovingian ivories, and is, perhaps, one reason why Westwood
and Stuhlfauth attribute the Trivulzio plaque to that epoch, but a
comparison of the “space” arrangement, imperfect as it is, with any
Carlovingian ivory, clearly shows the superiority of the more ancient
work.
[Illustration: DR. GRAEVEN PHOTO.] [BRITISH MUSEUM
7. THE CRUCIFIXION
Italian, commencement of fifth century]
[Illustration: DR. GRAEVEN PHOTO.] [BRITISH MUSEUM
8. CHRIST LEAVING THE PRÆTORIUM
Italian, commencement of fifth century]
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