The Jesuit Relations and Allied Documents, Vol. 1: Acadia, 1610-1613
History
The Jesuit Relations and Allied Documents, Vol. 1: Acadia, 1610-1613
Canada -- History -- To 1763 (New France); Indians of North America -- Canada; Jesuits -- Missions; Jesuits -- North America
NOW, if you inquire concerning the customs and character of this
people, I will reply that a part of them are nomads, wandering during
the winter in the woods, whither the hope of better hunting calls
them--in the summer, on the shores of the rivers, where they easily
obtain their food by fishing; while others inhabit villages. They
construct their huts by fixing poles in the ground; they cover the
sides with bark, the roofs with hides, moss and branches. In the
middle of the hut is the hearth, from which the smoke escapes through
an opening at the peak of the roof. As the smoke passes out with
difficulty, it usually fills the whole hut, so that strangers compelled
to live in these cabins suffer injury and weakening of the eyes; the
savages, a coarse race, and accustomed to these discomforts, ridicule
this. The care of household affairs, and whatever work there may be
in the family, are placed upon the women. They build and repair the
wigwams, carry water and wood, and prepare the food; their duties
and position are those of slaves, laborers and beasts of burden.
The pursuits of hunting and war belong to the men. Thence arise the
isolation and numerical weakness of the race. For the women, although
naturally prolific, cannot, on account of their occupation in these
labors, either bring forth fully-developed offspring, or properly
nourish them after they have been brought forth; therefore they either
suffer abortion, or forsake their new-born children, while engaged
in carrying water, procuring wood and other tasks, so that scarcely
one infant in thirty survives until youth. To this there is added
their ignorance of medicine, because of which they seldom recover from
illnesses which are at all severe.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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