His first voyage to America was in the service of the King of Spain; he spent the time from January, 1599, to March, 1601, in the West Indies and Mexico, and on the northern coast of South America. His valuable MS. report of this voyage, illustrated by his own sketches, was first printed in 1859 (but in an English translation), by the Hakluyt Society, at London; in it he suggests a ship canal across the isthmus of Panama. In 1603, he sailed, with Pontgravé to Canada, exploring the St. Lawrence as far as the Falls of St. Louis; and again, with De Monts, early in 1604, when they founded the St. Croix colony. Champlain remained in Canada three years, carefully exploring the Atlantic coast from Canso to Wood's Holl, and returned to France in October, 1607. The next summer, he explored the valley of the St. Lawrence, with the Saguenay and other tributaries, and founded the settlement of Quebec. October 15, 1612, he was formally appointed commandant in New France. Quebec was captured by the English, July 20, 1629; but was restored to the French by the treaty of St. Germain-en-Laye, March 29, 1632. Champlain, being again appointed governor of New France, returned to Quebec in May, 1633, where he died December 25, 1635. 43 (p. 177).--This chart was drawn by Lescarbot, and engraved by Jan Swelinck; it appears in his _Nouv. France_ (Tross ed., Paris, 1866), facing page 208. It has been reproduced for the present series. 44 (p. 179).--_Gougou_, a frightful monster, in the superstitious belief of the savages, who supposed it to dwell on an island near the Bay of Chaleurs; to have the form of a woman, though of horrible aspect, and so tall that the masts of a ship would not reach to the monster's girdle; and to carry off and devour men. Champlain gives a full account of this belief, and regards _Gougou_ as a demon who tormented the natives; see Laverdière's _Champlain_, pp. 125-126. Lescarbot, in his _Nouv. France_, pp. 397-403, gives the same description, and tries to prove, in a long discussion, that _Gougou_ is a sort of personification of a tormenting conscience. 45 (p. 179).--_Charter party._ A document which states the terms of rent for the whole or part of a ship. The term is derived from an old usage; instead of making a duplicate of the contract, it was cut in two, each of the parties retaining one of the halves.--Littré's _Dictionnaire de la langue française_ (Paris, 1878).