The Jesus Problem: A Restatement of the Myth TheoryRobertson, J. M. (John Mackinnon)
Religion
The Jesus Problem: A Restatement of the Myth Theory
Robertson, J. M. (John Mackinnon)
Jesus Christ
Some account, indeed, the Jesuists must have given of the death
of their God or Son-God when they reached the stage of systematic
propaganda; and this was in all likelihood a bare statement such
as we have in the Epistles, that he was put to a humiliating death
and rose again. It is very likely that accounts of the manner of
the death varied in the first written accounts, as they certainly
would in the traditions or rituals current at various points; and we
may grant to the documentary critics that various versions may have
attached to early forms or sources of Mark and Matthew. A general
statement that Jesus was the "Son of the Father," and that he had
been put to death with ignominy, would elicit, as has been above
argued, the objection that "Jesus Barabbas" was certainly no divine
personage. The Barabbas story, then, explaining away that objection,
is a comparatively late development, of which, accordingly, we find
not a single trace in the Acts or the Epistles. But similarly the
Supper is not described in the Acts or the Epistles apart from the
plainly interpolated account in First Corinthians. And at the outset
the Supper would be emphatically secret matter, not to be written down.
Whatever conclusion, then, was given to the earlier gospel or
gospels, it did not include that. As little would it give the Agony,
or the trials before the Sanhedrim and before Pilate, throwing
the guilt of the tragedy on the Jews, or the episodes disparaging
the apostles. Judas is in all likelihood primarily a figure of a
Gentile form of the play, being just Judaios, a Jew, [223] created by
Gentile or Samaritan animus. What inferribly happened was a dramatic
development, by Gentile hands, of a primarily simple mystery drama,
consisting of the Supper, the death, and the resurrection, into the
play as it now stands transcribed in the synoptics, with the Betrayal,
the Agony, the Denial, the Trials, and the dramatic touches in the
crucifixion scene.
The school of Weiss, then, on our theory, reached by comparatively
consistent methods of documentary criticism a relatively sound
conclusion. The earlier forms of the gospel certainly had not the
present conclusion; and whatever simple conclusions they had were bound
to be superseded when the complete mystery play was transcribed--the
very transcription being a reason for their disappearance. At some
point, probably by reason of the Christian reaction against all pagan
procedure, the play, which in its present form must always have been
special to a town or towns, was dropped, and though the tendency was
to keep the Eucharist an advanced rite for initiates, and withhold
it from catechumens, [224] the reduction of the Tragedy to narrative
form became a necessity for purposes of propaganda. Without it,
the gospels were inadequate to their purposes; and it supplied the
needed confutation of the charge that Jesus was simply a victim in
the Barabbas rite.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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