The Jew, The Gypsy and El IslamBurton, Richard Francis, Sir
Islamic
The Jew, The Gypsy and El Islam
Burton, Richard Francis, Sir
Islam; Jews; Romanies
In the name of the Prophet--figs! This dreamery is ushered in as usual
by a whole page of discursive matter. The debased Romaic [Greek:
κατζιβελος: katzibelos], a “maker of javelins,” used by a Byzantine
poet of the middle fourteenth century, is shown = Sigynos = _Tsigane_.
Kilinjirides, a Græcised form of the Turkish Kilij-ji, or sword-maker,
is the same word. Let me here note that the “pure Turkish term Kaldji,”
still used at Rhodes, is not the same as Kilij-ji; it is the bastard
compound Arabic and Turkish Kala'-jí, a tinsmith. Such are some of the
linguistic will-o’-the-wisps which have, I fear, habitually misled our
critic.
I must now consider the origin of the corrupted “typical term” Tsigane,
which M. Paul Bataillard has converted into a “generic name.” The
old and obsolete derivations of the _Zingaro_, which with various
modifications prevails throughout Europe, are the following.[138] Ciga
or Siga, the seaport of Mauretania Cæsariensis, or the Ciga or Cija
River mentioned by Lucan; the Magian Cineus; Zeugitania Regio (Zeugis);
Singara, the Mesopotamian city; Zigera, a Thracian settlement; the
Zinganes, a tribe inhabiting the Indus Delta (?); the Zigier Province
in Asia Minor; and “the bird _Cinclo_” (motacilla or wagtail), a
“vagrant bird which builds no nest,” and therefore gave rise to the
term Cinli or Cingary. Less absurd is the derivation from Singus, or
Cingus, the chief of a horde under “Tamerlane,” who employed these
men, not as combatants, but camp-followers and to export trains[139]
(A.D. 1401). Arabshah, the biographer of the great Tatar Amír, recounts
a contrivance by which in A.D. 1406 he rid his city (Samarkand) of
the rebellious Zingaros; and the account of this race shows a certain
correspondence with the Gypsies. Hence, probably, Borrow (_The
Zincali_) tells us that “the Eastern Gypsies are called Zingarri.” The
word is quite unknown to Turkey and Persia. In 1402 they accompanied
the Sultan Báyezíd on his invasion of Europe along the Danube, and
thus settled in Bulgaria and Old Servia.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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