Although most of the Roman deities were abstractions in the sense just
indicated, many others and very important ones bore personal names.
These names could not help suggesting to intelligent men at all times
that the god who bore one of them was himself a person, that his
manifestations would be in human form, and that his mental make-up was
like their own. Genetic relations between themselves and the gods so
conceived were rapidly enough established. It is very likely, too, that
some of these deities, perhaps Jupiter himself, were brought into Italy
by kinsmen of those who brought Zeus into Greece, although the kinship
must have been extremely remote. And when the gods are persons, stories
about them are inevitable, arising partly as folk-lore and partly from
individual poetic imagining. There are accordingly traces of an
indigenous Roman or Italic mythology, but that mythology was literally
overwhelmed, in relatively early times, by the artistically more
developed one of the Greeks, so that its very existence has been
questioned.[38]
The openness of the Romans to foreign religious influences is an outcome
of a conception, common enough, but more pronounced among the Romans
than anywhere else. In most places the gods were believed to be locally
limited in their sphere of action, and in most places this limitation
was not due to unchangeable necessity but to the choice of residence on
the part of the deity. Since it was a choice, it was subject to
revocation. The actual land, once endeared to god or man, had a powerful
hold upon his affections, vastly more powerful than the corresponding
feeling of to-day, but for either god or man changes might and did
occur.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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