[12] Compare Bandelier, _Gilded Man_, p. 255, 1893, and _Final Report_, pt. I, 131, 132, 168, and pt. II, p. 267; also _Fifth Annual Report of the Executive Committee of the Archæological Institute of America_, pp. 37, 85, 1884. We must assume that the four “pueblos” occupied by the tribe in Oñate’s time (1598) had all been abandoned and that the “great pueblo of the Xumanos” mentioned by Benavides had been established after the Jumano had been induced by Salas to return from the plains. Bandelier suggests that the Piro pueblo of Tabirá was probably the village of the Jumano, but I find no evidence that the Piro and the Jumano occupied a settlement together (Bandelier, _Final Report_, pt., I, pp. 131, 132). Escalante (op. cit., _Land of Sunshine_, March, 1900, p. 248) states that on account of Apache hostilities the pueblos of Chililí, Tafique (Tajique), and Quarac of the Tehua (Tigua) Indians; and Abó, Jumancas, and Tabirá of the Tompiros, were abandoned. That “Jumancas” and the “Pueblo de los Jumanos” were one and the same there appears to be no doubt, consequently if Jumancas and Tabirá had been the same village they would hardly have been mentioned as distinct. Escalante, who wrote in 1778, gathered his information from the official archives at Santa Fé. [13] “Informe a S. M. sobre las tierras de Nuevo Mejico, Quivira y Teguayo,” in Fernandez Duro, _Don Diego de Penalosa_, Madrid, 1882, p. 59. Posadas was custodian of the missions of New Mexico in 1661–64, during the governorship of the notorious Don Diego de Peñalosa y Briceño, and was a missionary there for ten years previously. His _Informe_ was written after 1678. [14] Compare Bandelier, _Final Report_, pt. I, 167, note, 1890; Bancroft, _North Mexican States and Texas_, I, 386, 1886. [15] Bandelier in _Arch. Inst. Papers_, Am. Series, v, 182, 183, 1890; Bancroft, _Hist. Arizona and New Mexico_, 237, 1889. [16] “Some Pueblo Ruins in Scott County, Kansas,” in _Kansas Historical Collections_, vol. 6, p. 124, Topeka, 1900. See also a comment on the article by the present writer in _American Anthropologist_, vol. 2, 1900, p. 778. For the location of Quivira, which, as we have seen, was beyond the Jumano settlements on the plains, see Hodge, “Coronado’s March to Quivira,” in Brower, _Harahey (Memoirs of Explorations in the Basin of the Mississippi)_, St. Paul, 1899. [17] Letter of Fray Silvestre Velez de Escalante, April 2, 1778, translated in _Land of Sunshine_, Los Angeles, Cala., vol. XII, p. 314, 1900. The citation tends also to show the proximity of El Quartelejo and the “Quivira” or Wichita settlements. [18] _Libro Primero de Casamientos de el Paso del Norte_, fol. 12, cited by Bandelier, _Final Report_, pt. II, p. 267.