This would certainly seem to be as strong a stand as one could take upon the subject, but in later papers Montgomery assumes with equal assurance the opposing position, which holds for a longitudinal division. Regarding this he says: “During the synapsis stage the chromosomes become split longitudinally, as was first shown by Paulmier (1898, 1899) for _Anasa_—a process that I had overlooked (!) in my former paper (1898).” Throughout his later investigations this hypothesis serves as the basis of all his theories, and the careful longitudinal division of the thread is assigned an important role in the maturation process. So far as positive assertions to the contrary are concerned, a general acceptance of the theoretical importance attaching to this act is to be supposed. Notwithstanding this, I find nowhere in his later writings any statement that he abandons the conception formerly entertained regarding the non-importance of the longitudinal cleavage. This attitude is indicated in the following language: “If it can be proved that the mode of division of a chromosome, _i. e._, the axis of the line of division, is merely a function of its chromomeres, then it would be of no theoretical value whether the division be longitudinal (equation) or transverse (reduction). But it happens that the postulated difference forms one of the main premises of Weismann’s theoretical superstructure. On account of the differences observed in different objects in regard to the modes of division of the chromosomes, it would appear that the differences have no theoretical value, but that the halving of the mass of chromatin is the process of importance—the standpoint taken by Hertwig. “In the two reduction divisions the chromosomes may split by two longitudinal divisions, by two transverse divisions, by one longitudinal and one transverse division, or by one division (longitudinal or transverse) preceded or followed by an elimination division. The facts show already that there is no general uniformity in the mode of division of the chromosomes in the reduction mitoses. The long line of observations on different objects show this to be the case, and demonstrates that the expected uniformity does not occur.”