A criticism of the degeneration theory as advocated by Paulmier and Montgomery has already been given (=17=), so that it would not be necessary to consider it here except in so far as it has been modified since its promulgation. As a rule, Montgomery refers to his “chromatin nucleoli” throughout his late paper (=15=) as degenerating chromosomes, but in discussing their function specifically he makes important changes in this conception. These are stated as follows: “When we find, accordingly, the mutual apposition of them (true nucleoli) to chromatin nucleoli, it would be permissible to conclude that the chromatin nucleoli are chromosomes which are especially concerned with nucleolar metabolism. And this, I think, would be the correct interpretation. The chromatin nucleoli are in that sense degenerate that they no longer behave like the other chromosomes in the rest stages, but they would be specialized for a metabolic function; and from this point of view they would certainly seem to be much more than degenerate organs.” It is difficult to comment upon a contradictory statement like this; but, fortunately, it is not necessary to do so, since it carries with it its own refutation. The conception of a chromosome specialized in the direction of increased metabolic activity as being in the process of disappearing from the species can hardly be regarded seriously. Taking everything into consideration, it may be said that Montgomery’s work upon the Hemiptera has left the subject in a very disturbed condition, and any prospect of a complete agreement between the accessory chromosome of the Orthoptera and the “chromatin nucleolus” of the Hemiptera is made more remote than was previously the case. This, I think, is largely due to the inferior character of the Hemipteran material, which has lead to misconception of phenomena that are clearly marked in Orthopteran cells. It is gratifying to note that the recent work of de Sinéty (=37=) practically corroborates the conclusions herein set forth regarding the history of the accessory chromosome. Aside from failure to observe the important spireme condition of this element in the first spermatocyte prophase, de Sinéty describes the same series of processes with scarcely an exception. His summary contains the following account of the accessory chromosome: