Next morning I went to see the snake-house. It is a circular hut, with
a conical roof made of palm-branches, and contained at that time from
200 to 250 snakes. They were all pythons, and of all sizes and ages;
the joists and sticks supporting the roof were completely covered
with them, and looking upwards one saw a vast writhing and undulating
mass of serpents. Several in a state of torpor, digesting their last
meal, were lying on the ground; and all seemed perfectly tame, as they
permitted the officiating priest to pull them about with very little
ceremony.
Ophiolotry takes precedence of all other forms of Dahoman religion, and
its priests and followers are most numerous. The python is regarded as
the emblem of bliss and prosperity, and to kill one of these sacred
boas is, strictly speaking, a capital offence, though now the full
penalty of the crime is seldom inflicted, and the sacrilegious culprit
is allowed to escape after being mulcted of his worldly goods, and
having “run-a-muck” through a crowd of snake-worshippers armed with
sticks and fire-brands. Any child who chances to touch, or to be
touched by, one of these holy reptiles, must be kept for the space of
one year at the fetish house under the charge of the priests, and at
the expense of the parents, to learn the various rites of ophiolotry
and the accompanying dancing and singing.
Fetishism in Dahomey is entirely different to fetishism on the Gold
Coast, and more nearly approaches idolatry, as the unsubstantial
shadows and apocryphal demons, which are worshipped and dreaded by the
Fantis and Ashantis, are on the Slave Coast replaced by images and
tangible objects. Before every house in Whydah one may perceive a cone
of baked clay, sometimes large and sometimes small, the apex of which
is discoloured with libations of palm-wine, palm-oil, &c. This is the
fetish Azoon, who protects streets, houses, and buildings of every
description.
By the side of each road leading from the town grotesque clay images,
roughly fashioned into the human shape in a crouching position, may be
perceived, protected from atmospheric influences by a rough shed. This
is Legba, who is sometimes represented of the sterner and sometimes of
the softer sex, and propitiatory offerings to this fetish are supposed
to remove barrenness. Somewhat similar to Legba is Bo, who is the
special guardian of soldiers.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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