The ocean is very generally worshipped, and has a chief fetish man
of high rank dedicated to its use, besides a large train of ordinary
fetish men. This high official at certain seasons descends to the
beach, shouts forth a series of incantations, and requests the sea to
calm itself, throwing at the same time offerings of corn, cowries,
or palm-oil into it. Sometimes, too, the King of Dahomey sends an
ambassador, arrayed in the proper insignia, with a gorgeous umbrella
and a rich dress, to his good friend the ocean. This ambassador is
taken far out to sea in a canoe, and is then thrown overboard and left
to drown or to be devoured by sharks. The honour of this diplomatic
post is not much coveted by Dahomans.
Perhaps the fetish most dreaded is So, the God of thunder and
lightning, as what are considered to be the effects of his anger
are frequently both seen and felt; So being supposed to strike with
lightning those who disbelieve in his power or presume to scoff at him.
It is unlawful for any person who has been killed by lightning to be
buried, and it is commonly believed on the Slave Coast that the bodies
of those who have met their death in this manner are cut up and eaten
by the priests of So.
A minor fetish is Ho-ho, who protects twins, who in Dahomey are always
named Ho-ho, as on the Gold Coast they are called Attah; and, in
addition to those I have already enumerated, and which are the most
commonly worshipped, the Dahomans worship the sun, the moon, fire, the
leopard, and the crocodile.
The Dahomans place around the house a country rope, _i.e._ one made of
grass, festooned with dead leaves, which is a fetish to prevent the
building taking fire. When a large fire occurs they frequently kill the
owner of the habitation in which it first broke out, considering that
it originated through some sacrilege or omission of fetish worship.
They also place a ridiculous caricature of the human form, made of
grass, old calabashes, or any rubbish, on the doorposts of their houses
and on the gates of inclosures, to keep evil spirits from entering
therein; and a fowl nailed to a post, with its head downwards, is
considered a charm to prevent an unfavourable wind.
The reverence which is paid to unusually tall and fine trees forms a
curious contrast to the foregoing barbarous beliefs. The silk-cotton
tree (_bombax_) and the well-known poison-tree of West Africa are those
most commonly selected. Libations in honour of these trees are poured
into perforated calabashes placed round their roots.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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