The land of the Hittites : $b An account of recent explorations and discoveries in Asia Minor, with descriptions of the Hittite monumentsGarstang, John
History
The land of the Hittites : $b An account of recent explorations and discoveries in Asia Minor, with descriptions of the Hittite monuments
Garstang, John
Hittites; Turkey -- Antiquities
The gods of all the Hittites were separately invoked, after their
time-honoured custom, as guardians to the inviolability of this treaty.
The sun-god, lord of heaven, takes first place, followed by the sun-god
of Arinna. Then come the various localised forms of Sandes,[818] called
Sutekh by the Egyptians, and associated here with nine chief states,
in which we seem to recognise three,[819] Arinna, Aleppo (Khilpa), and
Sarisu, possibly the classical Sareisa. A list of the tutelary deities
follows, including seven gods and three goddesses,[820] but possibly
the gaps in the text betoken others. Finally, the god of the land, the
queen of heaven, the goddess of the soil, the mistress of the oath, the
goddess (Askhir) of the mountains, and the rivers of the Hittite lands,
are appealed to; with a last reference to the gods of Qizwadna, the
home of the Hittite queen, and to those of Egypt, who are all covered
by one clause. The designs and inscriptions of the seals are of special
interest: upon the tablet itself these were naturally engraved. On the
obverse, we are told, there was the image of the Hittite national god
embracing the Great King,[821] surrounded by an inscription rendered,
through the medium of the Egyptian text, ‘The Seal of Sutekh, Prince of
Heaven,’ and ‘the seal of the treaty made by Khetasar (Hattusil) son of
Maursar (Mursil), the great and powerful king of the Hittites.’ This
was the seal of the Hittite god of the skies. The reverse was parallel,
only in place of the figure of Sandes was that of the sun-god of Arinna,
lord of the whole earth, and the Great Queen was shown in the deity’s
embrace. Around was an inscription, ‘The seal of the sun-god of the city
of Arinna, lord of the earth,’ and ‘The seal of Putukhipa, Great Queen of
the Hittites, daughter of the land of Qizwadna ... of the land of Arinna,
the mistress of its territory, the priestess of its goddess.’
The fame of this treaty was noised abroad, and an inquiry was
received from the king of Babylonia as to its purport. The Hittite
king replied[822] with firmness and obvious exultation: ‘I will
inform my brother: the king of Egypt and I have made an alliance, and
made ourselves brothers. Brothers we are and will [unite against] a
common foe, and with friends in common.’ The letter continues with an
explanation of the previous warfare between the nations that had rendered
this compact desirable, and allusion is made to the inroads of the
Pharaoh on the Hittite lands.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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