The land of the Hittites : $b An account of recent explorations and discoveries in Asia Minor, with descriptions of the Hittite monumentsGarstang, John
History
The land of the Hittites : $b An account of recent explorations and discoveries in Asia Minor, with descriptions of the Hittite monuments
Garstang, John
Hittites; Turkey -- Antiquities
These indications all agree with the impression that Greek tradition
and the Hittite monuments have already left upon our minds. The worship
of the Mother-Goddess, to which we have alluded, would seem, indeed, to
have been paramount throughout the Hittite lands, from Carchemish to
Ephesus, from Kadesh to the coast of the Black Sea. Originally a nature
cult, derivable from the productivity of the earth, this had now taken
divine form with the quality of self-reproduction, to develop later into
the conception of a universal mother. Though this worship was general
throughout western Asia, its introduction into Asia Minor is traceable to
the Hittites, upon whose monuments its symbolism appears earlier than it
is known elsewhere, notably at Boghaz-Keui,[832] Eyuk,[833] Fraktin,[834]
and on Sipylus.[835] We do not wish to imply a local development of the
cult, though that may be admitted as a possibility when we consider
the simple and general nature of its origins, and the power of the
human mind then as now to attain in a few years the standpoint reached
only by generations of ancestral experiences, and thereon to build
up new conceptions, to be transmitted in like manner together with
those inherited. Yet on the fertile plains of Babylonia the seasonal
productivity of nature was more conspicuous and almost spontaneous;
there indeed, as it seems, man was earlier able to give up his wandering
life and settle, noting with satisfaction and gratitude that earth and
sunshine with other elemental forces provided him with the means of
living. Taking also the evidence as it stands, it would seem that the
embodiment of these conceptions in divine form (under the name Istar)
is earliest attributable to Babylonia; and from there consequently we
are disposed to derive her when found in Asia Minor, whether by general
contact, as is historically admissible, or introduced, as seems more
probable, by some early migration of Hittite peoples that had already
assimilated her to themselves.
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