Massachusetts Emigrant Aid Society, 130. Medicine Lodge Creek, conference with Indians at, 292-293. Menominee Indians, 27. Methodist missionaries to western Indians, 72. Mexican War, Army of the West in the, 65-66. Miami Indians, 30, 127. Michigan, territory and state of, 39-40. Miles, General Nelson A., as an Indian fighter, 366, 370. Milwaukee, founding of, 44. Mines, trails leading to, 169-170. Miniconjou Indians, 265. Mining, lead, 34-35, 42; gold, 108-113, 141-142, 156-157, 359-361; silver, 157 ff. Mining camps, description of, 170-173. Minnesota, organization of, as a territory, 48-49; Sioux war in, in 1862, 234 ff. Missionaries, pioneer, 72; civilization and education of Indians by, 345-346. Missoula County, Washington Territory, 168. Missouri Indians, 127. Modoc Indians, last war of the, 367. Modoc Jack, 367. Mojave branch of Southern Pacific Railway, 381-382. Monroe's policy toward Indians, 18-19; end of, 357. Montana, creation of territory of, 169. Montana settlement, Colorado, 142. Monteith, Indian Agent, 365. Mormons, the, 86 ff., 102. Mowry, Sylvester, 159, 161. Mullan Road, the, 167, 170. Murphy, Thomas, Indian superintendent, 312. Nauvoo, Mormon settlement of, 91-94. Navaho Indians, 243, 368. Nebraska, movement for a territory of, 125; creation of territory of, 129; boundaries of, 138. Neutral Line, the, 21. Nevada, beginnings of, 156-158; territory of, organized, 158. New Mexico, the early trade to, 53-69; boundaries of, in 1854, 139; during the Civil War, 229-230. New Ulm, Minnesota, fight with Sioux Indians at, 236-237. Nez Percé Indians, 164, 363-365; precipitation of war with, in 1877, 365-366; defeat and disposal of tribe, 366-367. Niles, Hezekiah, 60, 79. Noland, Fent, 42-43. No Man's Land, 357. Northern Pacific Railway, 375, 376, 377, 382-383. Oglala Sioux, 281, 291, 360. Oklahoma, 357, 386. Omaha, cause of growth of, 334. Omaha Indians, 25. Oregon, fur traders and early pioneers, in, 70-72; emigration to, in 1844-1847, 75-76; provisional government organized by settlers in, 79-80; region included under name, 83-84; territory of, organized (1848), 85; population in 1850, 117; boundaries of, in 1854, 139; territory of Washington cut from, 163; railway lines in, 382-383. Oregon trail, 70-85; course of the, 78-79; the Mormons on the, 86 ff. Osage Indians, 19, 20. Oto Indians, 127. Ottawa Indians, 27. Overland mail, the, 174 ff. Owyhee mining district, 165. Paiute Indians, murder of Captain Gunnison by, 205. Palmer, General William J., 383. Panic, of 1837, 43-44; of 1857, 51-52; of 1873, 377-379. Parke, Lieut. J. G., survey for Pacific railway by, 207-208.