Peace Commission of 1867, to conclude Cheyenne and Sioux wars, 289-290; Medicine Lodge treaties concluded by, 292-293; report of, quoted, 296-298. Pennsylvania Portage Railway, 325. Peoria Indians, 30, 127. Piankashaw Indians, 30, 127. Pike, Zebulon M., 19, 34, 55. Pike's Peak, discovery of gold about, 141-142; the rush to, 142-145; reaction from boom, 145-146; origin of Colorado Territory in the Pike's Peak boom, 146-155. "Pike's Peak Guide," the, 144. Plum Creek massacre, 250. Pony express, 158, 182-185. Pope, Captain John, survey by, 207. Popular sovereignty, doctrine of, 128. Poston, Charles D., 159. Potawatomi Indians, 26-27. Powder River expedition, 273-274. Powder River war with Indians, 276-283. Powell, Major James, 283. Prairie du Chien, treaty made with Indians at, 20-21; second treaty of (1830), 25. Prairie schooners, 64. Pratt, R. H., education of Indians attempted by, 351. Price's Missouri expedition, 233. Quantrill's raid into Kansas, 231-232. Quapaw Indians, 29. Railways, early craze for building, 40; advance of, in the fifties, 51; first thoughts about a Pacific road, 192 ff.; surveys for Pacific, 192 ff., 197-203; bearing of slavery question on transcontinental, 211-214; Senator Douglas's bill, 213-214; land grants in aid of, 215-218, 222, 325, 329, 336, 375; Indian hostilities caused by advance of the, 283; description of construction of Central Pacific and Union Pacific roads, 325-335; scandals connected with building of roads, 335; description of formal junction of Central Pacific and Union Pacific, 336-337; effect of roads in bringing peace upon the plains, 347; charter acts of the Northern Pacific, Atlantic and Pacific, Texas Pacific, and Southern Pacific, 375; slow development of the later Pacific roads, 376; the five new continental routes and their connections, 379-382; Northern Pacific, 382-383; Chicago, Burlington, and Quincy, 383; Denver and Rio Grande, 383-384; disappearance of frontier through extension of lines of, and conquest of Great American Desert, 384-386. Ration system, pauperization of Indians by, 352. Real estate speculation along western railways, 333-334. Red Cloud, Indian chief, 274, 281, 283, 291-292, 294, 360. Reeder, Andrew H., governor of Kansas Territory, 131-133. _Report on the Condition of the Indian Tribes_, 286-287. Rhodes, James Ford, cited, 128. Riggs, Rev. S. R., 239. Riley, Major, 59-60. Rio Grande, struggle for the, in Civil War, 228-230. Robinson, Dr. Charles, 130; elected governor of Kansas, 133. _Rocky Mountain News_, the, 144, 150. Roman Nose, Indian chief, 309. Ross, John, Cherokee chief, 241. Russell, William H., 181, 182, 185. Russell, Majors, and Waddell, firm of, 181.