The holding of Pusey in Berks by the Pusey Horn, gifted, it is said,
by King Canute, is well-known. Sir Philip de Somerville, knight, was
bound to hunt and capture the Earl of Lancaster's _greese_ (wild swine)
for my lord's larder upon St Peter's Day in August. This he did till
Holy-Rood Day, when he dined with the steward, and after dinner "he
shall kiss the porter and depart." This same Sir Philip de Somerville
held the Manor of Whychenover at half terms from the Earl on condition
that there ever hung in his hall one bacon flitch to be assigned to a
happy married couple yearly in Lent, after a variety of ceremonies like
those in the more famous case of Dunmow: the disposal of the flitch
there being likewise according to "the custom of the manor."
In the customs that made up the inner life of the manor one finds a
diversity too great for classification. However, those old English
folk were a merry lot; with usages not sad nor savage, but having much
sensible joy in good meat and drink. At Baldock, in Hertfordshire,
the Customary Court was holden at dinner-time, whereto every baker and
vintner within the bounds must send bread and ale which the steward and
his jury "cam' to pree," and presently gave their verdict "if these
be wholesome for man's body or no." To the Manor of Hutton Conyers
there was attached a great common, where many townships pastured their
sheep; and the shepherd of each township "did fealty by bringing to the
Court a large apple pie, and a twopenny sweet cake." For refreshment,
"furmity and mustard, well mixed in an earthen pot, is placed before
the shepherds, which they sup with spoons provided by themselves, and
if any forget his spoon then, for so the customary law wills it, he
must lay him down upon his belly, and sup the furmity with his face to
the pot or dish." And the custom further permits the bystanders "to dip
his face into the furmity," to the great delight of all present. To
finer issues is the money provided by Magdalen College, Oxford, for
certain manors of theirs in Hampshire, _pro mulieribus hockantibus_, as
the dog Latin of the college accounts hath it. On Hock Day, annually,
"the women stop the ways with ropes, and pull passengers to them,
desiring something to be laid out in pious uses": the men having hocked
the women after the same fashion the day before. There are traces of
this usage further afield than Hampshire. Not less jovial were the
tenants of South Malling, in Kent, who were bound to pay scot-ale,
which fund they agreeably expended in "drink with the bedel of the Lord
Archbishop." The case of Stamford, in Lincoln, is noteworthy as showing
the origin of one peculiar custom. In the time of King John, William,
Earl Warren, was lord of the place. One day he saw from his castle wall
"two bulls fighting for a cow in the castle meadow;" their bellowing
attracted all the butcher's dogs in the place; and these, in company
with a host of rag-tag and bobtail, chased one of the champions in
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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