The Learned Lady in England, 1650-1760Reynolds, Myra
History
The Learned Lady in England, 1650-1760
Reynolds, Myra
Women -- Education -- Great Britain; Women -- Great Britain; Women authors, English
In spite of the stream of private criticism already indicated, the
almost unmixed adulation of which the Duchess was the subject is
indicated by the _Letters and Poems, in Honour of the incomparable
Princess Margaret, Dutchess of Newcastle_, published in 1676, two
years after her death. In her lifetime, too, the praise was equally
extravagant. Resounding Latin titles, such as _Illustrissima
Heroina_, _Excellentissima Dux_, _Eminentissima Princeps_, came to
her from high sources. The Rector Magnificus of the University of
Leyden called her not only _Princeps fæminini sexus_, but _Princeps
terrarum_. And the Vice-Chancellor of Cambridge in a complimentary
address said that the great women of old could not contend with her
for the palm of learning, but rather would they, with bent knee,
adore this _solam Margaretam Consumatissimam Principem_. Even so sane
a man as Evelyn wrote her a most flattering letter when she sent him
her works in 1674. Beginning with Zenobia he assembled the great
women of ancient times, the learned ladies of more modern days in
France, Spain, Italy, and Holland, and concluded with
Mary de Gournay, & the famous Anna M. Schurman: and of our owne
country, Queene Elizabeth, Queene Jane, the Lady Weston, Mrs.
Philips our late Orinda, the daughters of S^r Tho: More; the
Queene Christina of Sweden, & Elizabeth, daughter of a queen also
to whom the renowned Des Cartes dedicated his learned worke, &
the profound researches of his extraordinary talent. But all
these, I say, sum'd together, possesse but that divided, which
yr Grace retaines in one; so as Lucretia Marinella, who writ a
book (in 1601) _dell' Excellenzia delle Donne, con difetti è
mancamenti de gli huomini_, had no neede to have assembled so
many instances and arguments to adorne the work, had she lived
to be witnesse of Margarite, Dutchess of Newcastle, to have read
her writings, & to have heard her discourse of the science she
comprehended.[105]
Praise could hardly go further.
The best modern judgment discards the encomiums, but yet gives the
Duchess a fairly high place. Sir Egerton Brydges, the editor of her
_Autobiography_, says:
That the Duchess was deficient in a cultivated judgment; that
her knowledge was more multifarious than exact; and that her
powers of fancy and sentiment were more active than her powers
of reasoning, I will admit; but that her productions, mingled as
they are with great absurdities, are wanting either in talent or
in virtue, or even genius, I cannot concede.[106]
The Duchess was buried in Westminster Abbey with this inscription on
her monument:
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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