The Learned Lady in England, 1650-1760Reynolds, Myra
History
The Learned Lady in England, 1650-1760
Reynolds, Myra
Women -- Education -- Great Britain; Women -- Great Britain; Women authors, English
Here lies the loyal Duke of Newcastle and his Duchess, his second
wife, by whom he had no issue. Her name was Margaret Lucas,
youngest sister to Lord Lucas of Colchester, a noble family, for
all the brothers were valliant, and all the sisters virtuous.
This Duchess was a wise, witty, and learned Lady, which her many
books do well testify; She was a most virtuous, and loving,
and careful wife, and was with her Lord all the time of his
banishment and miseries; and when they came home never parted
with him in his solitary retirements.
The two books by the Duchess that one would not willingly let die
are her _Life_ of her husband and her _Autobiography_. These are
of permanent value as pictures of the life of a great, rich family
like that of her girlhood home, and the straitened life in exile,
with the later affluent and splendid life of a noble high in royal
favor such as was the Duke of Newcastle. All the personal portions of
both books are told with an air of genuineness, a naïveté, that make
delightful reading. The Duchess summed up her life as that of a woman
"honourably born, carefully bred, and nobly married to a wise man,"
and it was out of these happy domestic relations that her best work
came.
[Sidenote: Mrs. Katherine Philips (1631-1664)]
Contemporary with the Duchess of Newcastle was Katherine Fowler,
better known as Mrs. Katherine Philips, and better still as the
"Matchless Orinda." She was the daughter of John Fowler, "an eminent
merchant in Bucklersbury," and Katherine Oxenbridge. Aubrey gives a
quaint account of her precocious childhood as it was described to him
by "her cosen Blacket who lived with her from her swadling cloutes
till eight, and taught her to read." Aubrey says: "When a child she
was mighty apt to learn, and ... she had read the Bible through
before she was full four yeares old; she could have sayed I know not
how many places of Scripture and Chapters. She was a frequent hearer
of sermons; had an excellent memory and could have brought away a
sermon in her memory."[107]
Her further education was carried on at Hackney at the school of
"Mris Salmon, a famous schoolmistress, Presbyterian.... Loved poetrey
at schoole, and made verses there. She takes after her grandmother
Oxenbridge ... who was an acquaintance of Mr. Francis Quarles, being
much inclined to poetrie herself." As a child Katherine evidently was
as ardent a Presbyterian as her school-mistress and her Oxenbridge
ancestors. "She was very religiously devoted when she was young;
prayed by herself an hower together, and tooke sermons verbatim when
she was but ten yeares old.... She was when a child much against
the bishops, prayd to God to take them to him, but afterwards was
reconciled to them. Prayed aloud, as the hypocritical fashion then
was, and was overheared."
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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