[2] _i.e._ "The Book of Common Prayer and Administration of the Sacraments and other Rites and Ceremonies of the Church, according to the use of the Church of England, together with the Psalter or Psalms of David, pointed as they are to be sung or said in Churches, and the Form or Manner of making, ordaining, and consecrating of Bishops, Priests, and Deacons," which is annexed to the Act of Uniformity of 1662 (14 Cha. 2, c. 4). Similarly the Thirty-Nine Articles of Religion are enjoined on the clergy by (1571) 13 Eliz. c. 12, the Clerical Subscription Act, 1865 (28 & 29 Vict. c. 122), and the Canon made in 1865 and ratified by the Crown in 1866. [3] Middleton _v._ Crofts (1736) 2 Str. 1056; 2 Atk. 650; Bp. of Exeter _v._ Marshall (1868) L. R. 3 H. L. 17. [4] Gibs. Cod. 956. The Act of 1661 (13 Cha. 2, st. 1, c. 12), which restored the ecclesiastical jurisdiction of archbishops, bishops, and other spiritual judges and officers, contained a proviso that nothing therein contained should extend to confirm "the canons made in the year 1640, nor any of them, nor any other ecclesiastical laws or canons not formerly confirmed, allowed, or enacted by Parliament or by the established laws of the land as they stood in the year of our Lord 1639." [5] So called "because by his person the church, which is an invisible body, is represented: and he is in himself a body corporate in order to protect and defend the rights of the church (which he personates) by a perpetual succession." 1 Bl. Comm. 384. The term _parson_ is often popularly, but incorrectly, applied to vicars and other clergymen. [6] The owner of this right was called the _patronus_ or _advocatus_ on account of his duty to patronise, advocate, or defend the privileges of the church and benefice. Hence his right to nominate the rector was styled _advocatio_ or advowson. [7] (1818) 58 Geo. 3, c. 45, ss. 16-19. [8] (1822) 3 Geo. 4, c. 72, ss. 13, 14.