[34] _Relatio Itineris in Marylandiam_, p. 84. The Rev. Mr. Kampman, at one time Moravian missionary among the Delawares, told me that even with the modern aids of grammars, dictionaries and educated native instructors, it is considered to require five years to obtain a sufficient knowledge of their language to preach in it. The slowness of the early Maryland priests to master its intricacies, therefore, need not surprise us. [35] "Omni vero ratione placare conantur phantasticum quemdam spiritum quem Ochre nominant, ut ne noceat." _Relatio Itineris in Marylandiam_, p. 40. [36] Bozman, _History of Maryland_, Vol. I, p. 166. [37] "The Nanticokes and Conoys are now one nation." _Minutes of the Provincial Council of Penna._, 1759, Vol. VIII, p. 176. [38] On this tribe see "The Shawnees and Their Migrations," by Dr. D. G. Brinton, in the _American Historical Magazine_, 1866; M. F. Force, _Some Early Notices of the Indians of Ohio_, Cincinnati, 1879. [39] See _Colonial History of New York_, Vol. IV. Index. Loskiel, _Geschichte der Mission_, etc., p. 25. [40] These names are as given by John Johnston, Indian agent, in 1819. _Archæologia Americana_, Vol. I, p. 275. Heckewelder says they had four divisions, but mentions only two, the _Pecuwési_ and _Woketamósi_. (MSS. in Lib. Am. Philos. Soc.) [41] "That branch of Shawanos which had settled part in Pennsylvania and part in New England were of the tribe of Shawanos then and ever since called _Pi'coweu_ or _Pe'koweu_, and after emigrating to the westward settled on and near the Scioto river, where, to this day, the extensive flats go under the name of 'Pickoway Plains.'" Heckewelder MSS. in Lib. Am. Phil. Soc. [42] In a note to Roger Williams, _Key into the Language of America_, p. 22. The tradition referred to is mentioned in the Heckewelder MSS. [43] Printed in the _Colonial History of New York_, Vol. I. Compare Force, _ubi suprá_, pp. 16, 17. [44] Rev. J. Morse, _Report on Indian Affairs_, p. 362. [45] See Gallatin, _Synopsis of the Indian Tribes_, pp. 85, 86. [46] See _New York Colonial Documents_, Vol. V, pp. 660, 673, etc. [47] _Pennsylvania Archives_, Vol. I, pp. 299, 300, 302. Gov. Gordon writes to the "Chiefs of ye Shawanese and Assekelaes," under date December, 1731, "I find by our Records that about 34 Years since some Numbers of your Nation came to Sasquehannah," etc. Ibid., p. 302. CHAPTER III THE LENAPE OR DELAWARES. Derivation of the Name Lenape.--The Three Sub-Tribes the Minsi or Wolf, the Unami or Turtle, and the Unalachtgo or Turkey Tribes--Their Totems--The New Jersey Tribes the Wapings, Sanhicans and Mantas--Political Constitution of the Lenape--Vegetable Food Resources--Domestic Architecture--Manufactures.--Paints and Dyes.-- Dogs--Interments--Computation of Time--Picture Writing--Record Sticks-- Moral and Mental Character--Religious Belief.--Doctrine of the Soul.-- The Native Priests.--Religious Ceremonies. _Derivation of Lenni Lenape_.