There is a tissue of errors here. The pictograph, "drawn with charcoal and oil on a tree," must have been quite recent, and is not likely to have referred to events seventeen years antecedent. There is no evidence that Wingenund took part in Pontiac's conspiracy, and he was the consistent friend of the whites.[106] Several of the characters are not like Indian pictographs. And finally, White Eyes, the alleged interpreter in 1780, had died at Tuscarawas, two years before, Nov. 10th, 1778![107] _Record Sticks_. The Algonkin nations very generally preserved their myths, their chronicles, and the memory of events, speeches, etc., by means of marked sticks. As early as 1646, the Jesuit missionaries in Canada made use of these to teach their converts the prayers of the Church and their sermons.[108] The name applied to these record or tally-sticks was, among the Crees and Chipeways, _massinahigan_, which is the common word now for book, but which originally meant "a piece of wood marked with fire," from the verb _masinákisan_, I imprint a mark upon it with fire, I burn a mark upon it,[109] thus indicating the rude beginning of a system of mnemonic aids. The Lenape words for book, _malackhickan_, Camp., _mamalekhican_ Zeis., were probably from the same root. In later days, instead of burning the marks upon the sticks, they were painted, the colors as well as the figures having certain conventional meanings.[110] These sticks are described as about six inches in length, slender, though varying in shape, and tied up in bundles.[111] Such bundles are mentioned by the interpreter Conrad Weiser, as in use in 1748 when he was on his embassy in the Indian country.[112] The expression, "we tied up in bundles," is translated by Mr. Heckewelder, _olumapisid_, and a head chief of the Lenape, usually called _Olomipees_, was thus named, apparently as preserver of such records.[113] I shall return on a later page to the precise meaning of this term. The word signifying to paint was _walamén_, which does not appear in western dialects, but is found precisely the same in the Abnaki, where it is given by Rasles, _8ramann_[114], which, transliterated into Delaware (where the _l_ is substituted for the _r_), would be _w'lam'an_. From this word came _Wallamünk_, the name applied by the natives to a tract in New Castle county, Delaware, since at that locality they procured supplies of colored earth, which they employed in painting. It means "the place of paint."[115] Roger Williams, describing the New England Indians, speaks of "_Wunnam_, their red painting, which they most delight in, and is both the Barke of the Fine, as also a red Earth."[116] The word is derived from Narr. _wunne_, Del. _wulit_, Chip. _gwanatsch_ = beautiful, handsome, good, pretty, etc.