The Library Magazine of Select Foreign Literature: All volumesVarious
History
The Library Magazine of Select Foreign Literature: All volumes
Various
Periodicals
Along with this reaction against the Orientalizing school which could see
in Greece nothing but a deformed copy of Eastern wisdom went another
reaction against the conception of Greek mythology on which the labours of
the Orientalizing school had been based. Key after key had been applied to
Greek mythology, and all in vain; the lock had refused to turn. The light
which had been supposed to come from the East had turned out to be but a
will-o'-the-wisp; neither the Hebrew Scriptures nor the Egyptian
hieroglyphics had solved the problem presented by the Greek myths. And the
Greek scholar, in despair, had come to the conclusion that the problem was
insoluble; all that he could do was to accept the facts as they were set
before him, to classify and repeat the wondrous tales of the Greek poets,
but to leave their origin unexplained. This is practically the position of
Grote; he is content to show that all the parts of a myth hang closely
together, and that any attempt to extract history or philosophy from it
must be arbitrary and futile. To deprive a myth of its kernel and soul,
and call the dry husk that is left a historical fact, is to mistake the
conditions of the problem and the nature of mythology.
It was at this point that the science of comparative mythology stepped in.
Grote had shown that we cannot look for history in mythology, but he had
given up the discovery of the origin of this mythology as a hopeless task.
The same comparative method, however, which has forced nature to disclose
her secrets has also penetrated to the sources of mythology itself. The
Greek myths, like the myths of the other nations of the world, are the
forgotten and misinterpreted records of the beliefs of primitive man, and
of his earliest attempts to explain the phenomena of nature. Restore the
original meaning of the language wherein the myth is clothed, and the
origin of the myth is found. Myths, in fact, are the words of a dead
language to which a wrong sense has been given by a false method of
decipherment. A myth, rightly explained, will tell us the beliefs, the
feelings, and the knowledge of those among whom it first grew up; for the
evidences and monuments of history we must look elsewhere.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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