The Life and Times of Queen Victoria; vol. 4 of 4Wilson, Robert
History
The Life and Times of Queen Victoria; vol. 4 of 4
Wilson, Robert
Great Britain -- History -- Victoria, 1837-1901; Victoria, Queen of Great Britain, 1819-1901
On the 12th of January, 1878, this proposal was discussed in the
Cabinet, and it would have been necessary to follow up the step by
asking the House of Commons for a war vote. At a meeting on the 14th,
from which Lord Derby was absent, the proposal was adopted. On the
15th Lord Carnarvon sent in his resignation, but Mr. Montagu Corry
came to him with a message from Lord Beaconsfield to say that certain
telegrams had arrived which had caused the order to the Fleet to be
cancelled. These telegrams must obviously have been from Lord Augustus
Loftus, conveying Prince Gortschakoff’s pledge that Gallipoli would
not be touched, and his warning that Russia would regard the British
occupation of it as a breach of neutrality. On the 16th Lord Carnarvon
was at the Cabinet meeting, but his resignation was not returned to
him till the 18th, when Lord Beaconsfield assured him that there was
no longer any difference between them. Lord Beaconsfield, indeed,
went further in his soothing assurances to the House of Lords on the
17th. Though he had Lord Carnarvon’s resignation at that moment in
his pocket, he said “there is not the slightest evidence that there
has _ever_ been any difference between my opinions and those of my
colleagues.”[123] As for the rumours of dissensions in the Cabinet,
Lord Salisbury scornfully averred that they were only the inventions of
“our old friends the newspapers.”
To understand the events that followed, and which again threw the
country into a panic, two facts must be kept in view. First, the
resolution to send the Fleet to the Dardanelles had been taken on
the 14th of January, after the receipt of a telegram from Mr. Layard
warning the Government that the Russians were moving on Gallipoli.
This false statement had been neutralised by Lord Augustus Loftus,
who sent on the 15th the telegram conveying Gortschakoff’s renewed
pledges to respect British interests, in time to enable Lord
Beaconsfield to cancel the orders to the Fleet. But the second point
is, that the public and Parliament were kept in complete ignorance
of Gortschakoff’s fresh pledges not to approach Gallipoli, and not
to occupy Constantinople. If the one pledge was to be trusted, so
was the other, and the withdrawal of the orders to the Fleet proved
that the Government thought that the one pledge was valid. Yet Lord
Beaconsfield’s friends strove without ceasing to impress the public
with the false notion that Russia meant to seize Constantinople. On
the 17th Mr. Layard sent another alarmist telegram. The Russians,
he said, were marching on Adrianople. They were next to occupy
Constantinople, and the Sultan was making ready to fly to Broussa. On
the 22nd a deputation of the Tory War Party, representing seventy-five
malcontents in the House of Commons, urged a policy of intervention
on Sir Stafford Northcote. On the 23rd the Cabinet resolved to send
immediate orders to Admiral Hornby to take the Fleet to Constantinople.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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