The life of Cardinal Mezzofanti: With an introductory memoir of eminent linguists, ancient and modernRussell, Charles William
History
The life of Cardinal Mezzofanti: With an introductory memoir of eminent linguists, ancient and modern
Russell, Charles William
Linguists; Mezzofanti, Giuseppe, 1774-1849
In a letter to another friend, Count Leopoldo Cicognara, (since known
as the biographer of Canova)[353] Giordani reports the sequel of this
discussion, which confirms in a very remarkable manner, Giordani’s
judgment of Mezzofanti’s critical sagacity. Mezzofanti had at first
assented to Giordani’s conjecture; but on a closer examination he
discovered, that what Giordani had considered the Grecisms of Vitruvius’s
style, were, in reality, but _translations from various Greek authors_,
from whom Vitruvius largely borrows, and whom he actually enumerates in
the preface of the seventh book. Mezzofanti further pointed out a phrase
in the same preface which at once put an end to the discussion, and the
discovery of which, as Giordani justly observes, in itself “indicated an
inquiring and critical mind.” Vitruvius, in speaking of the Latin writers
upon his art, as contradistinguished from the Greek, calls them “antiqui
_nostri_.”[354]
To the same friend, Count Cicognara, Giordani in a previous letter,
dated January 30th, 1812, had written of Mezzofanti’s own peculiar
faculty of languages, in terms of almost rapturous admiration. “You
know Mezzofanti,” he says;—“Mezzofanti—the rarest, most unheard of,
most inconceivable of living men. I call him, and he is, the man of all
nations and all ages. By Jove! he appears as though he had been born in
the beginning of the world, and, like St. Anthony, had lived in every
age and in every country!”[355]
In connexion with this very remarkable testimony to the accuracy of
Mezzofanti’s knowledge of Greek, I may mention (although it more properly
belongs to a later period of his life) an amusing anecdote illustrative
of his accomplishments as a Latinist, which is recorded by Dr. Santagata,
and the hero of which was M. Bucheron, Professor of Latin Literature
in the University of Turin, and one of the most celebrated classical
philologists of modern Italy. M. Bucheron came to Bologna, from some
cause strongly prepossessed against Mezzofanti, and disposed to regard
him in the light of a mere literary charlatan, of showy but superficial
acquirements. Of his Latinity—especially in all that bears upon the
critical niceties of the language, and the numberless philological
questions regarding it which have arisen among modern scholars, M.
Bucheron entertained the lowest possible estimate;—considering it, in
truth, impossible, that one whose attention had been divided over so many
languages as fame ascribed to Mezzofanti, _could be_ solidly grounded
in any of them. He resolved, therefore, to put the Abate’s Latinity
to a rigorous test; and came to the library prepared with a number of
questions, bearing upon the niceties of the Latin language, which he
proposed to introduce, as it were casually, in his expected conversation.
He was presented to Mezzofanti by his friend, Michele Ferrucci, Librarian
of the University of Pisa, from whom, I may add, Dr. Santagata received
the account of their interview.
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