The life of Cardinal Mezzofanti: With an introductory memoir of eminent linguists, ancient and modernRussell, Charles William
History
The life of Cardinal Mezzofanti: With an introductory memoir of eminent linguists, ancient and modern
Russell, Charles William
Linguists; Mezzofanti, Giuseppe, 1774-1849
One of Del Rio’s most distinguished contemporaries, the celebrated
dramatic poet, Lope de Vega, although his celebrity rests upon a very
different foundation, was also a very respectable linguist, so far, at
least, as regards the modern languages. The extraordinary fecundity of
this author, especially when we consider his extremely chequered and
busy career as a secretary, a soldier, and eventually a priest, would
seem to preclude the possibility of his having applied himself to any
other pursuit than that of dramatic literature. The mere physical labour
of committing to paper (putting composition out of view altogether)
his _fifteen hundred_ versified plays,[83] three hundred interludes
and sacred dramas[84], ten epic poems, and eight prose novels, besides
an infinity of essays, prefaces, dedications, and other miscellaneous
pieces, would appear more than enough to occupy the very busiest human
life. Yet notwithstanding all this prodigious labour, Lope de Vega
contrived to find time for the acquisition of Greek, Latin, Italian,
Portuguese, French, and probably English! Well might Cervantes call him
“a Prodigy of Nature!”
Although the missionaries of Spain and Portugal are, as a body, less
distinguished in the department of languages than those of Italy, yet
there are some among them not inferior to the most eminent of their
Italian brethren. The great Coptic and Abyssinian scholar, Antonio
Fernandez, was a Portuguese Jesuit. He was born at Lisbon in 1566, and
entered the Jesuit society as a member of the Portuguese province of
the order. After a long preparatory training, he was sent, in 1602,
to Goa, the great centre of the missionary activity of Portugal. His
ultimate destination, however, was Abyssinia, which country he reached
in 1604, in the disguise of an Armenian. He resided in Abyssinia for
nearly thirty years, and was charged with a mission to the Pope Paul
III. and Philip IV. of Spain, from the king, who, under the influence of
the missionaries, had embraced the Catholic religion. Fernandez set out
with some native companions in 1615; but they were all made prisoners
at Alaba, and narrowly escaped being put to death; nor was he released
in the end, except on condition of relinquishing this intended mission,
and returning to Abyssinia. On the death of the king, who had so long
protected them, the whole body of Catholic missionaries were expelled
from Abyssinia by the new monarch in 1632; and Fernandez returned,
after a most chequered and eventful career, to Goa, where he died, ten
years later, in 1642. Of his acquirements in the Western languages, I
am unable to discover any particulars, but he was thoroughly versed in
Armenian, Coptic, and Amharic or Abyssinian, in both of which last named
languages he has left several ritual and ascetic works for the use of the
missionaries and native children.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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