Robert Stephenson appointed Mining Engineer in Colombia.--Mule Journey to Bogotá.--Mariquita.--Silver Mining.--Difficulties with the Cornishmen.--His Cottage at Santa Anna.--Resigns his Appointment.--Meeting with Trevithick.--Voyage to New York, and Shipwreck.--Returns to Newcastle, and takes Charge of the Locomotive Factory.--Discussion as to the Working Power of the Liverpool and Manchester Railway.--Walker and Rastrick's Report.--A Prize offered for the best Locomotive.--Invention of the Multitubular Boiler.--Henry Booth.--Construction of the "Rocket."--The Locomotive Competition at Rainhill.--Triumph of the "Rocket". 301 CHAPTER XIII. OPENING OF THE LIVERPOOL AND MANCHESTER RAILWAY, AND EXTENSION OF THE RAILWAY SYSTEM. The Railway finished.--Organization of the Working.--The public Opening.--Fatal Accident to Mr. Huskisson.--The Traffic begun.--Improvements in the Road, Rolling Stock, and Locomotive.--Steam-carriages tried on common Roads.--New Railway Projects.--Opposition to Railways in the South of England.--Robert Stephenson appointed Engineer of Leicester and Swannington Railway.--George removes to Snibston and sinks for Coal.--His character as a Master. 329 CHAPTER XIV. ROBERT STEPHENSON CONSTRUCTS THE LONDON AND BIRMINGHAM RAILWAY. The London and Birmingham Railway projected.--George and Robert Stephenson appointed Engineers.--An Opposition organized.--Public Meetings against the Scheme.--Robert Stephenson's Interview with Sir A. Cooper.--The Survey obstructed.--The Line resurveyed.--The Bill in Parliament.--Thrown out in the Lords.--The Project revived.--The Act obtained.--The Works let in Contracts.--Difficulties of the Undertaking.--The Line described.--Blisworth Cutting.--Primrose Hill Tunnel.--Kilsby Tunnel.--Its Construction described.--Failures of Contractors.--Magnitude of the Works.--The Railway navvies. 349 CHAPTER XV. MANCHESTER AND LEEDS, MIDLAND, AND OTHER RAILWAYS--GENERAL EXTENSION OF RAILWAYS AND THEIR RESULTS. Projection of new Lines.--Dutton Viaduct on the Grand Junction.--The Manchester and Leeds.--Incident in Committee.--Summit Tunnel, Littleborough.--The Midland Railway.--The Works compared with the Simplon Road.--Slip near Ambergate.--Bull Bridge.--The York and North Midland.--The Scarborough Branch.--George Stephenson on Estimates.--Stephenson on his Surveys.--His quick Observation.--His extensive Labors.--Traveling and Correspondence.--Life at Alton Grange.--Stephenson's London Office.--Journeys to Belgium.--Interviews with the King.--Public Openings of English Railways.--Stephenson's Assistants.--Results of Railroads. 365 CHAPTER XVI. GEORGE STEPHENSON'S COAL-MINES--OPINIONS ON RAILWAY SPEEDS--RAILWAY MANIA.