The Tenure-of-Office Bill passed to curtail the President's power to remove office-holders--It does not apply to members of the Cabinet--The President vetoes it--The veto message written by Seward and Stanton in conjunction--Bill repassed over veto--First mutterings about impeachment--The Judiciary Committee reports in favor of it--The House rejects the report--The President requests Stanton's resignation--Stanton refuses to resign--The President removes him and appoints Grant Secretary of War _ad interim_--Stanton retires--The Senate disapproves of the removal of Stanton--Grant retires and Stanton resumes office--The President accuses Grant of bad faith, and appoints Lorenzo Thomas Secretary of War--The House votes to impeach the President and appoints managers therefor--The trial begins March 5, 1868--The President is acquitted by vote of 35 to 19, not two thirds--Seven Republican Senators including Trumbull vote "Not Guilty"--Newspaper comments sustaining the "Seven Traitors"--Trumbull's written opinion filed with the record--Consequences of the impeachment trial--Death of Fessenden--Death of Mrs. Lyman Trumbull 301 CHAPTER XXI THE McCARDLE CASE--GRANT'S CABINET--THE FIFTEENTH AMENDMENT W. H. McCardle, of Mississippi, arrested by General Ord for seditious publications--Takes an appeal to the Supreme Court--General Grant, as Secretary of War _ad interim_, retains Trumbull to defend the military authorities--Congress passes a law to deprive the Supreme Court of jurisdiction--Trumbull votes for it--The Court rules that its jurisdiction has been withdrawn by Congress--Secretary Stanton fixes Trumbull's compensation for professional services at $10,000--Senator Chandler contends that the payment is contrary to law--Trumbull shows that both law and precedent are on his side--The facts in the case--President Grant's mishaps in choosing his Cabinet--Washburne for the State Department, Stewart for the Treasury, and Borie for the Navy--They are succeeded by Fish, Boutwell, and Robeson--General John A. Rawlins selected by himself for Secretary of War with Grant's approval--General Jacob Cox and Rockwood Hoar, two men of the highest type, appointed but soon resign--Adoption of the Thirteenth Amendment of the Constitution 327 CHAPTER XXII CAUSES OF DISCONTENT