Bracciolini, Poggio, 1380-1459; Italy -- History -- 1268-1492
Poggio zealously concurred in the wish of his friend Leonardo, to rescue
from obscurity the lost works of Cicero. Nor were his endeavours to
accomplish this valuable object entirely unsuccessful. In a monastery
of the monks of Clugny, in the town of Langres, he found a copy of
Cicero’s Oration for Cæcina, of which he made a transcript for the use
of his Italian friends. In the course of various journeys, which the
vicissitudes of fortune obliged him to take at different periods of his
life, he had the satisfaction to discover the following orations of the
same author, the loss of which had been long deplored by the learned—De
lege Agrariâ contra Rullum liber primus—Ejusdem liber secundus—Contra
legem Agrariam ad populum—In L. Pisonem. A copy of these orations is
preserved in the Abbey of Santa Maria, at Florence, to which is affixed
a memorandum, which records the fact of their having been discovered by
Poggio. This memorandum indeed makes mention of seven orations as having
been found by him in France and Germany; and the catalogue prefixed to
the manuscript, besides the works above mentioned, enumerates the Oration
pro C. Rabirio Pisone—Pro C. Rabirio perduellionis reo—and pro Roscio
Comœdo—but these orations have been torn from the volume in question.[90]
With the assistance of Bartolomeo di Montepulciano, Poggio also restored
to light the poem of Silius Italicus—Lactantius’s treatise de irâ Dei
et opificio hominis—Vegetius de re Militari—Nonius Marcellus—Ammianus
Marcellinus[91]—Lucretius[92]—Columella and Tertullian.[93]
Before the time of Poggio, eight only of the comedies of Plautus were
known to the classical student. But by the industry or good fortune
of one Nicolas of Treves, whom Poggio employed in continuing the
researches in the monasteries of Germany, which he was unable to conduct
in person, twelve more were brought to light. When Poggio had notice
of this discovery, he was highly elated, and strenuously exhorted the
cardinal Ursini to dispatch a trusty messenger to bring these valuable
treasures to Rome. “I was not only solicitous, but importunate with his
eminence,” says Poggio in a letter to Niccolo Niccoli, “to send somebody
for the books.” The cardinal did not however second the impatience of the
Italian literati, who waited nearly two years before the manuscripts in
question arrived in Rome, whither they were brought by Nicolas of Treves
himself.[94]
Besides Plautus’s comedies, Nicolas of Treves brought to Rome a fragment
of Aulus Gellius.
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