The Pea-weevil, living alone in its seed, eats only enough to make a
little hollow for the nymph. The rest remains intact, so that the pea
is able to sprout and can even serve as food, if we dismiss any
unreasonable repugnance from our mind. The American insect does not
exercise this self-restraint: it empties its haricot entirely, leaving
a skinful of filth which I have seen refused by the pigs. America does
not do things by halves when she sends us her plagues of insects. We
had to thank her for the Phylloxera, the disastrous Louse against whom
our vine-growers wage incessant war; and now we have to thank her for
the Haricot-weevil, a serious future menace. A few experiments will
give us an idea of the danger.
For nearly three years there have stood, on the table of my insect
laboratory, some dozens of jars and bottles closed with gauze covers
which prevent escape, while permitting constant ventilation. These are
the cages containing my wild animals. In them I rear the
Haricot-weevil, varying the diet as I please. They teach me among other
things that the insect, far from being exclusive in the choice of its
establishments, will make itself at home in our different legumina,
with very few exceptions.
All the haricots suit it, whether black or white, red or striped, small
or large, those of the last crop or those many years old and almost too
hard to boil. The loose beans are attacked by preference, as being less
troublesome to invade; but, when there are no shelled beans available,
those covered by their natural sheath are just as zealously exploited.
The new-born grubs are well able to reach them through the pod, which
is often as stiff as parchment. This is how the beans are raided in the
fields.
Another highly-appreciated bean is the long-podded dolichos, known
among our people as lou faioù borgné, the one-eyed haricot, because of
the dark speck which gives the umbilicus the look of a black eye. I
even fancy that my boarders show a marked predilection for this bean.
So far, there is nothing abnormal: the Bruchus has not gone beyond the
botanical genus Phaseolus. But here is something that increases the
danger and shows us the phaseolus-lover in an unexpected light. The
Bruchus accepts without the least hesitation the dried pea, the broad
bean, the everlasting pea, the vetch, the chick-pea; she passes from
one to the other, always satisfied; her family live and prosper in all
these legumina as well as they do in the haricot. Only the lentil is
refused, perhaps because of its insufficient size. What a dread robber
this American Weevil is!
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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