The Limits of Atheism; Or, Why Should Sceptics Be Outlaws?Holyoake, George Jacob
Religion
The Limits of Atheism; Or, Why Should Sceptics Be Outlaws?
Holyoake, George Jacob
Atheism
Cosmism, a thoughtful name, which ought to supersede Atheism in the
future, neither denies nor affirms the existence of Deity. It waits for
explanation and proof. It admits there is evidence of something, but
what that something is, does not appear. There is evidence of more than
we know, but what that is we do not know, and it is dishonesty to use a
term respecting it, which pretends that we do know. Why should it not
be honourable to observe a scientific reservation in the exposition of
opinion? In science it is a sign of cultivation to understate a case and
keep within the limits of fact and proof. The reservation of Cosmism,
which so many regard as an offence, arises from a love of exact truth,
from an endeavour to attain to it in expression, and from an honourable
unwillingness to employ words which do not represent to him who uses
them, definite ideas.
If we say God is Light, Love, Truth, Power, Goodness, Law, Principle,
we confound attributes with existence. If we say God is a Spirit, God is
space, we merely fill the imagination, not satisfy the understanding:
it is feeding the thoughts with air, and leaving the intellect hungry.
A Trinitarian Deity is one of the scholastic perplexities of the
intellect. The first rule of arithmetic is against it. If it means three
Gods in one, it is an enigma. If it means three doctrinal aspects of
God, it confuses all simplicity of feeling. In the simple, moral
heart of man, God is one, and his name is Love; not a weak, vapoury
sentimentality, but an austere, healthy love, whose expression is
strength, purity, truth, justice, service, and tenderness. But this
conception of Deity belongs to the empire of the emotions, it is a
matter of feeling, not of proof, and can authorise no intolerance
towards others, itself existing only by the sufferance of the intellect,
which has chastened its expression, and is supreme over it.
Exactness of phraseology is well understood self-defence. Well chosen
terms are the true weapons of opinion. Employing an old, battered,
rheumatic and abused term like Atheism, is like riflemen using the old
musket instead of the far-reaching and fatal Minie. Cosmism is the
new term which conveys the new idea of the age, and explains the
improvements in thought and spirit, which the mere term Atheism
conceals. To suffer an opponent to choose names for you is as though a
combatant should suffer his enemy to supply his arms for the conflict.
He who consents to be called by a hateful name, can be defeated at
the pleasure of his opponent. His ideas are never discussed, his
conscientious spirit is never recognised, he is trampled down by a name
which libels, defames, and destroys him. Let us banish the unqualified
term Atheism from the literature of theological controversy.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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