The Lives and Opinions of Eminent PhilosophersDiogenes Laertius
Philosophy
The Lives and Opinions of Eminent Philosophers
Diogenes Laertius
Philosophers, Ancient -- Biography; Philosophy, Ancient
A man did lead them on, a strong stout man,
A honeyed speaker, sweet as melody
Of tuneful grasshopper, who, seated high
On Hecademus’ tree, unwearied sings.
For the word academy was formerly spelt with E. Now our philosopher
was a friend of Isocrates; and Praxiphanes composed an account of a
conversation which took place between them, on the subject of poets, when
Isocrates was staying with Plato in the country.
X. And Aristoxenus says that he was three times engaged in military
expeditions; once against Tanagra; the second time against Corinth,
and the third time at Delium; and that in the battle of Delium he
obtained the prize of pre-eminent valour. He combined the principles of
the schools of Heraclitus, and Pythagoras and Socrates; for he used
to philosophize on those things which are the subjects of sensation,
according to the system of Heraclitus; on those with which intellect is
conversant, according to that of Pythagoras; and on politics according to
that of Socrates.
XI. And some people, (of whom Satyrus is one,) say that he sent a
commission to Sicily to Dion, to buy him three books of Pythagoras from
Philolaus for a hundred minæ; for they say that he was in very easy
circumstances, having received from Dionysius more than eighty talents,
as Onetor also asserts in his treatise which is entitled, Whether a wise
Man ought to acquire Gains.
XII. And he was much assisted by Epicharmus the comic poet, a great part
of whose works he transcribed, as Alcimus says in his essays addressed
to Amyntas, of which there are four. And in the first of them he speaks
as follows:—“And Plato appears to utter a great many of the sentiments
of Epicharmus. Let us just examine. Plato says that that is an object
of sensation, which is never stationary either as to its quality or its
quantity, but which is always flowing and changing; as, for instance,
if one take from any objects all number, then one cannot affirm that
they are either equal, or of any particular things, or of what quality
or quantity they are. And these things are of such a kind that they
are always being produced, but that they never have any invariable
substances.”
But that is a subject for intellect from which nothing is taken, and
to which nothing is added. And this is the nature of things eternal,
which is always similar and the same. And, indeed, Epicharmus speaks
intelligibly on the subject of what is perceived by the senses and by the
intellect:—
_A._ But the great Gods were always present, nor
Did they at any moment cease to be;
And their peculiar likeness at all times
Do they retain, by the same principles.
_B._ Yet chaos is asserted to have been
The first existent Deity.
_A._ How can that be?
For ’tis impossible that we should find
Any first principle arise from anything.
_B._ Is there then no first principle at all?
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